Exela Technologies Inc.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-36788

EXELA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware	47-1347291
(State of or other Jurisdiction Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2701 E. Grauwyler Rd. Irving, TX	75061
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (844) 935-2832

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, Par Value $0.0001 per share	XELA	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
6.00% Series B Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share Tandem Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001 per share	XELAP	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☐	Accelerated Filer ☒
Non-Accelerated Filer ☐	Smaller Reporting Company ☒
	Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 9, 2023, the registrant had 1,274,204,054 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

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Exela Technologies, Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022	1

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	5

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	34

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	49

Item 4. Internal Controls and Procedures	49

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	51

Item 1A. Risk Factors	51

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	52

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	52

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	52

Item 5. Other Information	52

Item 6. Exhibits	52

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts)


	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,908	$	15,073
Restricted cash		40,911		29,994
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $8,263 and $6,402, respectively		99,322		101,616
Related party receivables and prepaid expenses		741		759
Inventories, net		16,913		16,848
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		28,020		26,206
Total current assets		195,815		190,496
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $213,178 and $207,520, respectively		68,518		71,694
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		40,109		40,734
Goodwill		186,877		186,802
Intangible assets, net		191,121		200,982
Deferred income tax assets		1,578		1,483
Other noncurrent assets		29,084		29,721
Total assets	$	713,102	$	721,912

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	72,047	$	79,249
Related party payables		2,548		2,473
Income tax payable		421		2,045
Accrued liabilities		63,459		61,340
Accrued compensation and benefits		51,134		54,143
Accrued interest		31,629		60,901
Customer deposits		19,090		16,955
Deferred revenue		18,278		16,405
Obligation for claim payment		58,413		44,380
Current portion of finance lease liabilities		5,167		5,485
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		11,373		11,867
Current portion of long-term debts		136,696		154,802
Total current liabilities		470,255		510,045
Long-term debt, net of current maturities		953,432		942,035
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion		9,055		9,448
Pension liabilities, net		17,098		16,917
Deferred income tax liabilities		11,702		11,180
Long-term income tax liabilities		2,809		2,742
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		30,663		31,030
Other long-term liabilities		6,168		6,104
Total liabilities		1,501,182		1,529,501
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)

Stockholders' equity (deficit)
Common Stock, par value of $0.0001 per share; 1,600,000,000 shares authorized; 1,274,326,639 shares issued and 1,274,204,054 shares outstanding at March 31, 2023 and 278,777,820 shares issued and 278,655,235 shares outstanding at December 31, 2022		261		162
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
Series A Preferred Stock, 2,778,111 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		1		1
Series B Preferred Stock, 3,029,900 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		—		—
Additional paid in capital		1,169,548		1,102,619
Less: Common Stock held in treasury, at cost; 122,585 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		(10,949)		(10,949)
Equity-based compensation		57,069		56,958
Accumulated deficit		(1,993,445)		(1,948,009)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(6,893)		(4,788)
Unrealized pension actuarial losses, net of tax		(3,672)		(3,583)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss		(10,565)		(8,371)
Total stockholders’ deficit		(788,080)		(807,589)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	713,102	$	721,912

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenue	$	273,620	$	279,398
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		216,467		223,504
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		44,381		43,040
Depreciation and amortization		16,560		18,212
Related party expense		3,112		1,987
Operating profit (loss)		(6,900)		(7,345)
Other expense (income), net:
Interest expense, net		44,180		39,760
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net		(8,773)		884
Sundry expense, net		748		307
Other expense (income), net		(282)		6,159
Net loss before income taxes		(42,773)		(54,455)
Income tax expense		(2,663)		(2,501)
Net loss	$	(45,436)	$	(56,956)
Cumulative dividends for Series A Preferred Stock		(954)		(864)
Cumulative dividends for Series B Preferred Stock		(1,153)		(75)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(47,543)	$	(57,895)
Loss per share:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.05)	$	(3.37)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net loss	$	(45,436)	$	(56,956)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(2,105)		1,477
Unrealized pension actuarial gains (losses), net of tax		(89)		308
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax	$	(47,630)	$	(55,171)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


																	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
																			Unrealized
																	Foreign		Pension
																	Currency		Actuarial				Total
	Common Stock			Series A Preferred Stock			Series B Preferred Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional		Equity-Based		Translation		Losses,		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Paid in Capital		Compensation		Adjustment		net of tax		Deficit		Deficit
Balances at January 1, 2022	13,259,748	$	37	2,778,111	$	1	—	$	—	122,585	$	(10,949)	$	838,853	$	56,123	$	(7,463)	$	(10,946)	$	(1,532,428)	$	(666,772)
Net loss January 1 to March 31, 2022	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		(56,956)		(56,956)
Equity-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		302		—		—		—		302
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		1,477		—		—		1,477
Net realized pension actuarial gains, net of tax	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		308		—		308
Common Stock exchanged for Series B Preferred Stock	(900,328)		(2)	—		—	900,328		—	—		—		2		—		—		—		—		—
Issuance of Common Stock from at the market offerings, net of offering costs	11,814,075		24	—		—	—		—	—		—		114,509		—		—		—		—		114,533
Withholding of employee taxes on vested RSUs	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(190)		—		—		—		(190)
Common Stock issued for vested RSUs	54,360		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at March 31, 2022	24,227,855	$	59	2,778,111	$	1	900,328	$	—	122,585	$	(10,949)	$	953,364	$	56,235	$	(5,986)	$	(10,638)	$	(1,589,384)	$	(607,298)


																	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
																			Unrealized
																	Foreign		Pension
																	Currency		Actuarial				Total
	Common Stock			Series A Preferred Stock			Series B Preferred Stock			Treasury Stock			Additional		Equity-Based		Translation		Losses,		Accumulated		Stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Paid in Capital		Compensation		Adjustment		net of tax		Deficit		Deficit
Balances at January 1, 2023	278,655,235	$	162	2,778,111	$	1	3,029,900	$	—	122,585	$	(10,949)	$	1,102,619	$	56,958	$	(4,788)	$	(3,583)	$	(1,948,009)	$	(807,589)
Net loss January 1 to March 31, 2023	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		(45,436)		(45,436)
Equity-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		111		—		—		—		111
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(2,105)		—		—		(2,105)
Net realized pension actuarial gains, net of tax	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(89)		—		(89)
Issuance of Common Stock from at the market offerings, net of offering costs	995,548,819		99	—		—	—		—	—		—		66,929		—		—		—		—		67,028
Balances at March 31, 2023	1,274,204,054	$	261	2,778,111	$	1	3,029,900	$	—	122,585	$	(10,949)	$	1,169,548	$	57,069	$	(6,893)	$	(3,672)	$	(1,993,445)	$	(788,080)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(45,436)	$	(56,956)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss
Depreciation and amortization		16,560		18,212
Original issue discount and debt issuance cost amortization		7,456		3,531
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net		(9,760)		196
Credit loss expense		1,983		61
Deferred income tax provision		521		635
Share-based compensation expense		111		308
Unrealized foreign currency losses (gain)		238		(180)
Loss (Gain) on sale of assets		88		(41)
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect from acquisitions
Accounts receivable		950		(6,146)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(1,494)		(8,858)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(24,232)		5,345
Related party payables		94		(12)
Additions to outsource contract costs		(116)		(140)
Net cash used in operating activities		(53,037)		(44,045)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(1,888)		(7,728)
Additions to patents		—		(25)
Additions to internally developed software		(1,014)		(829)
Proceeds from sale of assets		—		175
Net cash used in investing activities		(2,902)		(8,407)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock from at the market offerings		69,260		119,196
Cash paid for equity issuance costs from at the market offerings		(2,232)		(4,664)
Borrowings under factoring arrangement and Securitization Facility		31,985		35,837
Principal repayment on borrowings under factoring arrangement and Securitization Facility		(31,325)		(34,144)
Cash paid for withholding taxes on vested RSUs		—		(195)
Lease terminations		—		(15)
Cash paid for debt issuance costs		(6,308)		(5,615)
Principal payments on finance lease obligations		(1,137)		(1,516)
Borrowings from senior secured revolving facility and BRCC revolver		9,600		—
Repayments on senior secured revolving facility		—		(49,477)
Proceeds from issuance of 2026 Notes		—		55,364
Borrowings from other loans		12,152		1,865
Cash paid for debt repurchases		(3,633)		—
Proceeds from Second Lien Note		31,500		—
Repayment of BRCC term loan		(34,204)		(22,675)
Principal repayments on senior secured term loans and other loans		(14,107)		(7,544)
Net cash provided by financing activities		61,551		86,417
Effect of exchange rates on cash		140		(50)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		5,752		33,915
Cash, restricted cash, and cash equivalents
Beginning of period		45,067		48,060
End of period	$	50,819	$	81,975
Supplemental cash flow data:
Income tax payments, net of refunds received	$	1,147	$	1,486
Interest paid		65,300		9,941
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Assets acquired through right-of-use arrangements		405		50
Accrued capital expenditures		1,945		1,483

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Exela Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of United States dollars except share and per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

1. General

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 included in the Exela Technologies, Inc. (the “Company,” “Exela,” “we,” “our” or “us”) annual report on Form 10-K for such period (as amended, the “2022 Form 10-K”).

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X, as they apply to interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These accounting principles require us to use estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from our estimates.

The condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited, but in our opinion include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim period. The interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or the fiscal year.

Going Concern

In accordance with ASC Subtopic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (“ASC 205-40”), the Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. As required under ASC 205-40, management’s evaluation should initially not take into consideration the potential mitigating effects of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern.

In performing this evaluation, we concluded that under the standards of ASC 205-40 the following conditions raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern: a history of net losses, net operating cash outflows, working capital deficits and significant cash payments for interest on our long-term debt in addition to $43.9 million principal amount of indebtedness due to B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC for revolver and term loans, $9.4 million principal amount of 2023 Notes, $67.5 million principal amount of senior secured term loans and $17.8 million principal amount of other debt (all as described in Note 5) which mature within the next twelve months from the filing date of this report. Management considered the Company’s current financial condition and liquidity sources, including current funds available, forecasted future cash flows and the Company’s obligations due before May 10, 2024. As required under ASC 205-40, management’s evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company, such as access to debt or equity financing that has not been committed.

The Company has undertaken and completed the following plans and actions to improve its available cash balances, liquidity or cash generated from operations, over the twelve month period from the date these financial statements are issued:

●

executed a $150.0 million financing with PNC Bank to replace the existing securitization facility that generated annual interest rate savings of approximately $5.0 million;

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●

obtained $51.0 million of new funding from BRCC, consisting of $35.0 million of junior secured financing, a separate sale of receivables and an increase in availability under a revolving line of credit;

●

raised proceeds of $69.3 million from the sale of equity during the three months ended March 31, 2023;

●

repurchased $13.4 million of senior notes due 2023 during the three months ended March 31, 2023; and

●

identified and in the process of executing on estimated cost savings in the range of $65-$75 million for fiscal year 2023.

Despite these actions, the Company will need to take further action to raise additional funds in the capital markets. Based on our knowledge of the Company and the financial market, we believe that we will be able to raise additional funds from the sale of equity and debt in the future. However, the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing in the debt and equity capital markets is subject to several factors, including market and economic conditions, the Company’s performance and investor sentiment with respect to the Company and its industry and considering these factors are outside of the Company’s control, substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern exists under the standards of ASC 205-40. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities, and reported expenses that may be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.

Net Loss per Share

Earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted EPS gives effect to the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into Common Stock, using the more dilutive of the two-class method and the if-converted method in the period of earnings. The two class method is an earnings allocation method that determines earnings per share (when there are earnings) for common stock and participating securities. The if-converted method assumes all convertible securities are converted into common stock. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential shares of common stock if their effect is anti-dilutive.

As the Company experienced net losses for the periods presented, the impact of the Company’s Series A Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) and Series B Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”), was calculated using the if-converted method. As of March 31, 2023, the outstanding shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, if converted would have resulted in an additional 74,884 shares and 3,121,479 shares of our common stock (“Common Stock”) outstanding, respectively, however, they were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share as their effects were anti-dilutive (i.e., if included, would reduce the net loss per share).

Similarly, the Company also did not include the effect of 486,591 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of 9,731,819 warrants sold in a private placement of securities on March 18, 2021 or the effect of the aggregate number of shares issuable pursuant to outstanding restricted stock units, performance units and options (495,363 and 500,293 as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively) in the calculation of diluted loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, because their effects were also anti-dilutive.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net loss attributable to common stockholders (A)	$	(47,543)	$	(57,895)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted (B)		962,830,380		17,186,649
Loss Per Share:
Basic and diluted (A/B)	$	(0.05)	$	(3.37)

Merger Agreement

On October 9, 2022, the Company entered into a definitive merger agreement to merge our European business with CF Acquisition Corp. VIII (“CFFE”), a special purpose acquisition company, to form a new publicly-traded company which will be called XBP Europe Holdings, Inc. Upon closing of the transaction, we will indirectly own a

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majority of the outstanding capital stock of XBP Europe Holdings, Inc. The completion of these transactions is subject to customary closing conditions, several of which are outside the control of the parties, and there can be no assurance as to whether or when a closing will occur. These contemplated transactions are not reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements.

2. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU no. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, to replace the incurred loss impairment methodology under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The Company is required to use a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivables, loans, and other financial instruments. This ASU along with related additional clarificatory guidance in the ASU No. 2019-05, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326)” and ASU No. 2019-11, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses”, was also adopted. Adoption of the standard was applied using a modified retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the effective date. The Company has performed its analysis of the impact on its financial instruments that are within the scope of this guidance, primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts receivable, based on class of financing receivables which share the same or similar risk characteristics such as customer type and geographic location, among others. For accounts receivable, the Company applied this methodology using aging schedules reflecting how long the receivables have been outstanding, historical collection experience, current and future economic and market conditions. There was no impact to the Company’s opening retained earnings or its condensed consolidated balance sheet upon adoption and as a result, the balances presented for December 31,2022, which were derived under the incurred loss model are comparable to March 31, 2023.

The following table describes the changes in the allowance for expected credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 (all related to accounts receivables):


Balance at January 1, 2023 of the allowance for expected credit losses	$	6,402
Change in the provision for expected credit losses for the period		1,861
Balance at March 31, 2023 of the allowance for expected credit losses	$	8,263

Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) no. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The ASU amends ASC 805 to add contract assets and contract liabilities to the list of exceptions to the recognition and measurement principles that apply to business combinations and to require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606. While primarily related to contract assets and contract liabilities that were accounted for by the acquiree in accordance with ASC 606, the amendments also apply to contract assets and contract liabilities from other contracts to which the provisions of Topic 606 apply, such as contract liabilities from the sale of nonfinancial assets within the scope of Subtopic 610-20. The ASU was applied prospectively. The adoption had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, cash flows, financial position or disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements. The FASB-issued guidance clarifies the accounting for leasehold improvements associated with common control leases by requiring that leasehold improvements associated with common control leases be amortized by the lessee over the useful life of the leasehold improvements to the common control group (regardless of the lease term), as long as the lessee controls the use of the underlying asset through a lease. Additionally, leasehold improvements associated with common control leases should be accounted for as a transfer between entities under common control through an adjustment to equity, if, and when, the lessee no longer controls the use of the underlying asset. The amendments in this ASU are

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effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adopting this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

The information presented below supplements the Significant Accounting Policies information presented in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Revenue Recognition

We account for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in ASC 606. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. The contract transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. All of our material sources of revenue are derived from contracts with customers, primarily relating to the provision of business and transaction processing services within each of our segments. We do not have any significant extended payment terms, as payment is received shortly after goods are delivered or services are provided.

Nature of Services

Our primary performance obligations are to stand ready to provide various forms of business processing services, consisting of a series of distinct services, but that are substantially the same, and have the same pattern of transfer over time, and accordingly are combined into a single performance obligation. Our promise to our customers is typically to perform an unknown or unspecified quantity of tasks and the consideration received is contingent upon the customers’ use (i.e., number of transactions processed, requests fulfilled, etc.); as such, the total transaction price is variable. We allocate variable fees to the single performance obligation charged to the distinct service period in which we have the contractual right to bill under the contract.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company is organized into three segments: Information & Transaction Processing Solutions (“ITPS”), Healthcare Solutions (“HS”), and Legal & Loss Prevention Services (“LLPS”) (See Note 13). The following tables disaggregate revenue from contracts by segment and by geographic region for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023								2022
		ITPS		HS		LLPS		Total		ITPS		HS		LLPS		Total
U.S.A.	$	146,025	$	63,043	$	16,869	$	225,937	$	148,344	$	56,596	$	17,795	$	222,735
EMEA		42,778		—		—		42,778		51,978		—		—		51,978
Other		4,905		—		—		4,905		4,685		—		—		4,685
Total	$	193,708	$	63,043	$	16,869	$	273,620	$	205,007	$	56,596	$	17,795	$	279,398

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Contract Balances

The following table presents contract assets, contract liabilities and contract costs recognized at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Accounts receivable, net	$	99,322	$	101,616
Deferred revenues		19,475		17,585
Customer deposits		19,090		16,955
Costs to obtain and fulfill a contract		1,575		1,674

Accounts receivable, net includes $24.9 million and $25.7 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, representing amounts not yet billed to customers. We have accrued the unbilled receivables for work performed in accordance with the terms of contracts with customers.

Deferred revenues relate to payments received in advance of performance under a contract. A significant portion of this balance relates to maintenance contracts or other service contracts where we received payments for upfront conversions or implementation activities which do not transfer a service to the customer but rather are used in fulfilling the related performance obligations that transfer over time. The advance consideration received from customers is deferred over the contract term. We recognized revenue of $6.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that had been deferred as of December 31, 2022.

Costs incurred to obtain and fulfill contracts are deferred and presented as part of intangible assets, net and expensed on a straight-line basis over the estimated benefit period. We recognized $0.2 million and 0.3 million of amortization for these costs for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively within depreciation and amortization expense. These costs represent incremental external costs or certain specific internal costs that are directly related to the contract acquisition or fulfillment and can be separated into two principal categories: contract commissions and fulfillment costs. Applying the practical expedient in ASC 340-40-25-4, we recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred, if the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. The effect of applying this practical expedient was not material.

Customer deposits consist primarily of amounts received from customers in advance for postage. These advanced postage deposits are used to cover the costs associated with postage, with the corresponding postage revenue being recognized as services are performed.

Performance Obligations

At the inception of each contract, we assess the goods and services promised in our contracts and identify each distinct performance obligation. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation, as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts. For the majority of our business and transaction processing service contracts, revenues are recognized as services are provided based on an appropriate input or output method, typically based on the related labor or transactional volumes.

Certain of our contracts have multiple performance obligations, including contracts that combine software implementation services with post-implementation customer support. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which we estimate our expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and add an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service. We also use the adjusted market approach whereby we estimate the price that customers in the market would be willing to pay. In assessing whether to allocate variable consideration to a specific part of the contract, we consider the nature of the variable payment and

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whether it relates specifically to its efforts to satisfy a specific part of the contract. Certain of our software implementation performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time, typically when customer acceptance is obtained.

When evaluating the transaction price, we analyze, on a contract-by-contract basis, all applicable variable consideration. The nature of our contracts gives rise to variable consideration, including volume discounts, contract penalties, and other similar items that generally decrease the transaction price. We estimate these amounts based on the expected amount to be provided to customers and reduce revenues recognized. We do not anticipate significant changes to our estimates of variable consideration.

We include reimbursements from customers, such as postage costs, in revenue, while the related costs are included in cost of revenue.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

In accordance with optional exemptions available under ASC 606, we did not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (a) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, and (b) contracts for which variable consideration relates entirely to an unsatisfied performance obligation, which comprise the majority of our contracts. We have certain non-cancellable contracts where we receive a fixed monthly fee in exchange for a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer over time, with the corresponding remaining performance obligations as of March 31, 2023 in each of the future periods below:


Estimated Remaining Fixed Consideration for Unsatisfied Performance Obligations

Remainder of 2023	$	29,649
2024		31,922
2025		26,870
2026		1,516
2027		617
2028 and thereafter		8
Total	$	90,582

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4. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost or acquisition-date fair value less accumulated amortization and consists of the following:


	March 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible
	Amount (a)		Amortization		Asset, net
Customer relationships	$	507,780	$	(359,636)	$	148,144
Developed technology		88,553		(88,087)		466
Patent		15		(6)		9
Trade names (b)		8,400		(3,101)		5,299
Outsource contract costs		17,305		(15,729)		1,576
Internally developed software		53,512		(37,055)		16,457
Purchased software		26,749		(7,579)		19,170
Intangibles, net	$	702,314	$	(511,193)	$	191,121


	December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible
	Amount (a)		Amortization		Asset, net
Customer relationships	$	507,723	$	(351,240)	$	156,483
Developed technology		88,553		(88,000)		553
Patent		15		(6)		9
Trade names (b)		8,400		(3,100)		5,300
Outsource contract costs		17,184		(15,509)		1,675
Internally developed software		52,441		(35,095)		17,346
Purchased software		26,749		(7,133)		19,616
Intangibles, net	$	701,065	$	(500,083)	$	200,982

(a)	Amounts include intangible assets acquired in business combinations and asset acquisitions.

(b)	The carrying amount of trade names for 2023 and 2022 is net of accumulated impairment losses of $44.1 million. Carrying amount of $5.3 million as at March 31, 2023 represents indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Goodwill

The Company’s operating segments are significant strategic business units that align its products and services with how it manages its business, approach the markets and interacts with customers. The Company is organized into three segments: ITPS, HS, and LLPS (See Note 13).

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Goodwill by reporting segment consists of the following:




	Balances as at January 1, 2022 (a)			Additions		Deletions		Impairments		Currency Translation Adjustments		Balances as at December 31, 2022 (a)
ITPS	$	252,672	$	—	$	—	$	(171,182)	$	(339)	$	81,151
HS		86,786		—		—		—		—		86,786
LLPS		18,865		—		—		—		—		18,865
Total	$	358,323	$	—	$	—	$	(171,182)	$	(339)	$	186,802

	Balances as at January 1, 2023 (a)			Additions		Deletions		Impairments		Currency Translation Adjustments		Balances as at March 31, 2023 (a)
ITPS	$	81,151	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	75	$	81,226
HS		86,786		—		—		—		—		86,786
LLPS		18,865		—		—		—		—		18,865
Total	$	186,802	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	75	$	186,877

(a)

The goodwill amount for all periods presented is net of accumulated impairment amounts. Accumulated impairment relating to ITPS was $487.7 million, $487.7 million and $316.5 million as at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Accumulated impairment relating to LLPS was $243.4 million as at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level on October 1 of each year and on an interim basis, between annual tests, if a triggering event indicates the possibility of an impairment. The Company monitors changing business conditions as well as industry and economic factors, among others, for events which could trigger the need for an interim impairment analysis. During the third quarter of 2022, the Company evaluated factors such as changes in the Company’s growth rate and recent trends in the Company’s market capitalization, and concluded that a triggering event for an interim impairment analysis had occurred. As part of that assessment, long-term projections were revised resulting in lower than previously projected long-term future cash flows for the reporting units which reduced the estimated fair value to below the carrying value. As a result of the interim impairment analysis at September 30, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $29.6 million, including taxes, to goodwill relating to ITPS.

Additionally, later during the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company conducted its annual budgeting process along with an update to its long-range plan. Following the completion of that process, the Company made an evaluation based on factors such as changes in the Company’s growth rate and recent trends in the Company’s market capitalization, concluding that a third triggering event for an impairment analysis had occurred. Revised long-term projections coupled with a decline in the market capitalization, resulted in lower than previously projected long-term future cash flows for the reporting units which reduced the estimated fair value to below carrying value. Accordingly, we performed another quantitative impairment test as of December 31, 2022, resulting in an additional impairment charge of $141.6 million, including taxes, to goodwill relating to ITPS. Therefore, as a result of these two interim impairment assessments in the third and fourth quarters of 2022, impairment charges totaling $171.2 million, including taxes, were recorded to goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2022.

5. Long-Term Debt and Credit Facilities

Senior Credit Facilities

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and subject to the conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement, (i) a $350.0 million senior secured term loan maturing July 12, 2023 with an original issue discount of $7.0 million, and (ii) a $100.0 million senior secured revolving facility scheduled to mature on July 12, 2022 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”).

Term Loan Repricing

On July 13, 2018, Exela executed a transaction to reprice the $343.4 million of term loans outstanding under its senior secured credit facilities (the “Repricing”). The Repricing was accomplished pursuant to a First Amendment to the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), dated as of July 13, 2018, by and among the Company’s subsidiaries Exela Intermediate Holdings LLC, Exela Intermediate, LLC, each “Subsidiary Loan Party” listed on the signature pages thereto, Royal Bank of Canada, as administrative agent, and each of the lenders party thereto, whereby such subsidiaries borrowed $343.4 million of refinancing term loans (the “Repricing Term Loans”) to refinance their existing senior secured term loans.

The Repricing Term Loans bear interest at a rate per annum of, at the borrower’s option, either (a) a LIBOR rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for Eurodollar deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing, adjusted for certain additional costs, subject to a 1.0% floor, or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (ii) the prime rate and (iii) the one-month adjusted LIBOR plus 1.0%, in each case plus an applicable margin of 6.5% for LIBOR loans and 5.5% for base rate loans. The interest rates applicable to the Repricing Term Loans are 100 basis points lower than the interest rates applicable to the senior secured term loans that were incurred on July 12, 2017 pursuant to the Credit Agreement. The Repricing Term Loans will mature on July 12, 2023, the same maturity date as the prior senior secured term loans.

2018 Incremental Term Loans

On July 13, 2018, the Company’s subsidiaries borrowed an additional $30.0 million pursuant to incremental term loans (the “Incremental Term Loans”) under the First Amendment. The proceeds of the Incremental Term Loans were used by the Company for general corporate purposes and to pay fees and expenses in connection with the First Amendment. The interest rates applicable to the Incremental Term Loans are the same as those for the Repricing Term Loans.

The borrower may voluntarily repay the Repricing Term Loans and the Incremental Term Loans at any time, without prepayment premium or penalty, subject to customary “breakage” costs with respect to LIBOR rate loans. The Incremental Term Loans will mature on July 12, 2023, the same maturity date as the Repricing Term Loans and prior senior secured term loans.

Other than as described above, the terms, conditions and covenants applicable to the Repricing Term Loans and the Incremental Term Loans are consistent with the terms, conditions and covenants that were applicable to the existing senior secured loans under the Credit Agreement.

2019 Incremental Term Loan

On April 16, 2019, the Company’s subsidiaries borrowed an additional $30.0 million pursuant to incremental term loans (the “2019 Incremental Term Loans”) under the Second Amendment to First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”). The proceeds of the 2019 Incremental Term Loans were used to replace the cash spent for acquisitions, pay related fees, expenses and related borrowings and for general corporate purposes. The 2019 Incremental Term Loans will mature on July 12, 2023, the same maturity date as the Incremental Term Loans, Repricing Term Loans and prior senior secured term loans under the Credit Agreement (collectively, the “Term Loans”).

The 2019 Incremental Term Loans will bear interest at a rate per annum that is the same as the Repricing Term Loans under the senior credit facility. The borrower may voluntarily repay the 2019 Incremental Term Loans at any time, without prepayment premium or penalty, subject to customary “breakage” costs with respect to LIBOR rate loans.

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Other than as described above, the terms, conditions and covenants applicable to the 2019 Incremental Term Loans are consistent with the terms, conditions and covenants that are applicable to the Repricing Term Loans and 2018 Incremental Term Loans under the Credit Agreement. The Repricing and issuance of the 2018 and 2019 Incremental Term Loans resulted in a partial debt extinguishment, for which Exela recognized $1.4 million in debt extinguishment costs during the year ended December 31, 2019, reported within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net within our consolidated statements of operations.

Third Amendment

On May 18, 2020, subsidiaries of the Company amended the Credit Agreement (the Third Amendment to First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Third Amendment”)) to, among other things, extend the time for delivery of its audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and its financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Upon the Company’s delivery of the annual and quarterly financial statements within the time frames stated therein (which the Company satisfied during the month of June 2020), the borrower became in compliance with respect to the financial statement delivery requirements set forth in the Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Third Amendment, the borrowers also amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things: restrict the borrower and its subsidiaries’ ability to designate or invest in unrestricted subsidiaries; incur certain debt; create certain liens; make certain investments; pay certain dividends or other distributions on account of its equity interests; make certain asset sales or other dispositions (or utilize the proceeds of certain asset sales to reinvest in the business); or enter into certain affiliate transactions pursuant to the negative covenants under the Credit Agreement. Further, pursuant to the amendment, the borrower under the Credit Agreement was also required to maintain a minimum Liquidity (as defined in the amendment) of $35.0 million. In connection with this amendment, the borrower paid a forbearance fee of $5.0 million to the consenting lenders. The Company concluded that the amendment represents modification of debt under ASC 470-50. Accordingly, the forbearance fee paid was added to unamortized debt issuance cost which shall be amortized using updated effective interest rate based on modified cash flows.

Private Exchange

On December 9, 2021, in a separate transaction referred to here as the “Private Exchange” (as distinguished from the “Public Exchange” described below), subsidiaries of the Company agreed with three (3) of their Term Loan lenders to exchange $212.1 million of Term Loans under the Credit Agreement for $84.3 million in cash and in $127.8 million principal amount of new 11.500% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”). In connection with the Private Exchange, the exchanging lenders provided consents to amend the Credit Agreement to (i) eliminate all affirmative covenants, (ii) eliminate all negative covenants and (iii) eliminate certain events of default (other than events of default relating to payment obligations). The Company concluded that the exchange of senior secured term loan for 2026 Notes and cash under Private Exchange represented modification of debt under ASC 470-50. Accordingly, $1.0 million of the fees paid to third parties was charged to consolidated statement of operations and reported within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net within our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

As a result of the Private Exchange, repurchases and periodic principal repayments, $67.5 million aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans maturing July 12, 2023 remains outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

Revolving Credit Facility; Letters of Credit

As of December 31, 2021, our $100 million Revolving Credit Facility was fully drawn taking into account letters of credit issued thereunder. As of December 31, 2021, there were outstanding irrevocable letters of credit totaling approximately $0.5 million under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, the Revolving Credit Facility had been prepaid and terminated as described below.

On March 7, 2022, subsidiaries of the Company entered into a Revolving Loan Exchange and Prepayment Agreement with Royal Bank of Canada, Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, KKR Corporate Lending LLC, Granite State Capital Master Fund LP, Credit Suisse Loan Funding LLC and Revolvercap Partners Fund LP exchanging $100.0 million of outstanding Revolving Credit Facility owed by Exela Intermediate LLC, upon the terms and subject to

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the conditions set forth in the Revolver Exchange agreement, for (i) $50.0 million in cash, and (ii) $50.0 million of 2026 Notes (such exchange, the “Revolver Exchange” and such 2026 Notes, the “Exchange Notes”). Prepayment of Revolving Credit Facility was treated as an extinguishment of debt under ASC 470-50. Accordingly, the Company wrote off the unamortized balance of $0.2 million of debt issuance costs related to Revolving Credit Facility and reported it within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Exchange Notes were subject to a guarantee in the form of a true-up mechanism whereby the Company was responsible to make a payment to the holders of the Exchange Notes to true-up the shortfall below certain agreed thresholds, if holders of the Exchange Notes sold their notes at a price below that threshold during agreed periods in 2022. As security for the true-up obligation under the Revolver Exchange, the Company issued $10.0 million of principal amount of 2026 Notes as collateral (the “Collateral Notes”). The Collateral Notes were not reflected in the consolidated financial statements unless and until they were sold to third parties. On March 7, 2022, we recognized $17.4 million (the fair value of the true-up obligation as accounted for under ASC 450, Contingencies and ASC 460, Guarantees) as a liability with an offsetting debit to the original issuance discount of the issued Exchange Notes on the closing date of the Revolver Exchange. We remeasured our obligation under the true-up mechanism as of March 31, 2022 and accrued an additional $6.2 million liability based on the fair value of our obligation in other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations during first quarter of 2022.

On May 6, 2022, subsidiaries of the Company amended the true-up mechanism and placed an additional $20.0 million of principal amount of Collateral Notes and paid $5.0 million against the true-up amount payable. We remeasured our obligation under the amended terms of the true-up mechanism for the remainder of 2022 and accrued a net additional $6.3 million liability based on the fair value of our obligation. In July 2022, $9.0 million of principal amount of the Collateral Notes were sold by the holders of the Exchange Notes for net proceeds of $2.6 million and the proceeds were applied against the true-up amount payable. Additionally, in July 2022, the Company made a cash payment of $2.1 million which was applied against the true-up amount payable. In August 2022, the remaining balance of $20.2 million of net true-up liability was settled with cash payments of $9.9 million and by permitting the holders of the Exchange Notes to keep the $21.0 million of principal amount of 2026 Notes previously placed as Collateral Notes constituting an issuance.

Senior Secured 2023 Notes

On July 12, 2017, subsidiaries of the Company issued $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 10.0% First Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”). The 2023 Notes are guaranteed by nearly all U.S. subsidiaries of Exela Intermediate LLC. The 2023 Notes bear interest at a rate of 10.0% per year. The issuers pay interest on the 2023 Notes on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing on January 15, 2018. The 2023 Notes mature on July 15, 2023. As a result of the Public Exchange and repurchases (as discussed below), $9.4 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes remains outstanding as of March 31, 2023 maturing on July 15, 2023.

Public Exchange

On October 27, 2021, the Company launched an offer to exchange (the “Public Exchange”) up to $225.0 million in cash and new 2026 Notes for the Company’s outstanding 2023 Notes. The Public Exchange was for $900 in cash per $1,000 principal amount of 2023 Notes tendered subject to proration. The maximum amount of cash to be paid was $225.0 million and the offer was not subject to any minimum participation condition. In case of oversubscription to the cash offer, tendered 2023 Notes would be accepted for cash on a pro rata basis (as a single class). The balance of any tendered 2023 Notes not accepted for cash would be exchanged into 2026 Notes on the basis of $1,000 principal amount of new 2026 Notes for each $1,000 principal amount of outstanding 2023 Notes tendered.

As of the expiration time of the Public Exchange, $912.7 million aggregate principal amount, or approximately 91.3%, of the 2023 Notes had been validly tendered pursuant to the Public Exchange. On December 9, 2021, upon the settlement of the Public Exchange, $662.7 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes were issued and an aggregate $225.0 million in cash (plus accrued but unpaid interest) was paid to participating holders in respect of the validly tendered 2023 Notes. The Company concluded that the exchange of notes under Public Exchange represented

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modification of debt under ASC 470-50. Accordingly, $12.9 million of the fees paid to third parties was charged to consolidated statement of operations and reported within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net within our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Third Supplemental Indenture

In conjunction with the Public Exchange, the Company also solicited consents to amend certain provisions in the indenture governing the 2023 Notes (“Notes Amendments”). On December 1, 2021, on receipt of the requisite consents to the Notes Amendments, the Company, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “2023 Notes Trustee”), entered into a third supplemental indenture (the “Third Supplemental Indenture”) to the indenture, dated as of July 12, 2017 (as amended and supplemented by (i) the first supplemental indenture, dated as of July 12, 2017 and (ii) the second supplemental indenture, dated as of May 20, 2020, the “2023 Notes Indenture”) governing the outstanding 2023 Notes. The Third Supplemental Indenture amends the 2023 Notes Indenture and the 2023 Notes to eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants, eliminate certain events of default, modify covenants regarding mergers and consolidations and modify or eliminate certain other provisions, including certain provisions relating to future guarantors and defeasance, contained in the 2023 Notes Indenture and the 2023 Notes. In addition, all of the collateral securing the 2023 Notes was released pursuant to the Third Supplemental Indenture.

Senior Secured 2026 Notes

As of December 31, 2022, subsidiaries of the Company had $980.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes outstanding including $790.5 million in aggregate principal amount issued under the Public Exchange and Private Exchange transactions described above.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, no 2026 Notes were sold by subsidiaries of the Company. The 2026 Notes are guaranteed by nearly all U.S. subsidiaries of Exela Intermediate LLC. The 2026 Notes bear interest at a rate of 11.5% per year. We pay interest on the 2026 Notes on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and commenced on July 15, 2022. The 2026 Notes mature on July 12, 2026.

On or after December 1, 2022, the issuers may redeem the 2026 Notes in whole or in part from time to time, at a redemption price of 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. In addition, prior to December 1, 2022, the issuers may redeem the 2026 Notes in whole or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes redeemed, plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means, with respect to any 2026 Note on any applicable redemption date, as determined by the issuers, the greater of: (1) 1% of the then outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Note; and (2) the excess of: (a) the present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of the 2026 Note, at December 1, 2022 plus (ii) all required interest payments due on the 2026 Note through December 1, 2022 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the treasury rate as of such redemption date plus 50 basis points; over (b) the then outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Note. During the fourth quarter of 2022 one of our subsidiaries that is not bound by the 2026 Indenture purchased a portion of the onsite business and certain related assets from another subsidiary that is bound by the 2026 Indenture generating net proceeds to the seller of approximately $125.0 million. If the Company does not reinvest or otherwise utilize such proceeds as contemplated by the 2026 Indenture within one year of this transaction, then the Issuers of the 2026 Notes may be required to make an "Asset Sales Offer" with the unused proceeds to the extent they exceed $75.0 million as described in the 2026 Indenture. If such proceeds are not available to the Company to satisfy this obligation at the date required, the Company would not be in compliance with the 2026 Indenture at that time.

$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes were outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

Repurchases

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Exchange Notes issued under the Revolver Exchange (as discussed above) for a net cash consideration of $4.7 million. These repurchase resulted in an early extinguishment of the Exchange Notes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased $13.4 million principal amount of 2023 Notes for a net cash consideration of $4.2 million. The gain on early extinguishment of debt for the Exchange Notes during the three months ended March 31, 2023 totaled $9.8 million and is inclusive of less than $0.1 million write off of original issue discount and debt issuance costs. Gain on the early extinguishment of debt during the three months ended March 31, 2023 is reported within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net within our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

BRCC Facility

On November 17, 2021, GP2 XCV, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company (“GP2 XCV”), entered into a borrowing facility with B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC pursuant to which the Company was able to borrow an original principal amount of $75.0 million, which was later increased to $115.0 million as of December 7, 2021 (as the same may be amended from time to time, the “BRCC Term Loan”). On March 31, 2022, GP2 XCV entered into an amendment to the borrowing facility with B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC pursuant to which the Company was able to borrow up to $51.0 million under a separate revolving loan (the “BRCC Revolver”, collectively with the BRCC Term Loan, the “BRCC Facility”).

The BRCC Facility is secured by a lien on all the assets of GP2 XCV and by a pledge of the equity of GP2 XCV. GP2 XCV is a bankruptcy-remote entity and as such its assets are not available to other creditors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries other than GP2 XCV. The BRCC Facility will mature on June 10, 2023 with the BRCC Revolver being payable in 12 monthly installments so long as the borrower is in compliance with the BRCC Facility. Interest under the BRCC Facility accrues at a rate of 11.5% per annum (13.5% per annum default rate) and is payable quarterly on the last business day of each March, June, September and December. The purpose of BRCC Term Loan was to fund certain repurchases of the secured indebtedness and to provide funding for the Public Exchange transaction and Private Exchange transaction described above. The purpose of BRCC Revolver is to fund general corporate purposes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repaid $34.2 million of outstanding principal amount under the BRCC Term Loan along with $1.0 million of exit fees and borrowed $9.6 million of principal amount under BRCC Revolver. The exit fees paid on the partial prepayment of BRCC Term Loan were treated as a debt extinguishment cost under ASC 470-50 and reported within debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2023, there were borrowings of $14.3 million and $29.6 million outstanding under the BRCC Term Loan and BRCC Revolver, respectively, maturing June 10, 2023. There was no availability under the BRCC Revolver as of March 31, 2023. GP 2XCV did not make a mandatory prepayment of approximately $3.2 million on BRCC Term Loan due for the month of March 2023.

Securitization Facility

On December 17, 2020, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $145.0 million securitization facility with a five year term (the “Securitization Facility”). Borrowings under the Securitization Facility were subject to a borrowing base definition that consists of receivables and, subject to contribution, further supported by inventory and intellectual property, in each case, subject to certain eligibility criteria, concentration limits and reserves.

The Securitization Facility provided for an initial funding of approximately $92.0 million supported by the receivables portion of the borrowing base and, subject to contribution, a further funding of approximately $53.0 million supported by inventory and intellectual property. On December 17, 2020, Exela Receivables 3, LLC (the “Securitization Borrower”) made the initial borrowing of approximately $92.0 million under the Securitization Facility and used a portion of the proceeds to repay $83.0 million of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of loans as of December 17, 2020 under a previous $160.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility (“A/R Facility”) and used the remaining proceeds for general corporate purposes. On April 11, 2021, the Company amended the Securitization Loan Agreement and agreed to, among other things, extend the option to access further funding of approximately $53.0 million in

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additional borrowings from April 10, 2021 to September 30, 2021 upon the contribution of inventory and intellectual property to support the borrowing base.

The documentation for the Securitization Facility included (i) a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Securitization Loan Agreement”), dated as of December 10, 2020, by and among the Securitization Borrower, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, the lenders (each, a “Securitization Lender” and collectively the “Securitization Lenders”), Alter Domus (US), LLC, as administrative agent (the “Securitization Administrative Agent”) and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which the Securitization Lenders will make loans to the Securitization Borrower to be used to purchase receivables and related assets from the Securitization Parent SPE (as defined below), (ii) a First Tier Receivables Purchase and Sale Agreement (dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among Exela Receivables 3 Holdco, LLC (the “Securitization Parent SPE”)), a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, and certain other indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company listed therein (collectively, the “Securitization Originators”), and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which each Securitization Originator has sold or contributed and will sell or contribute to the Securitization Parent SPE certain receivables and related assets in consideration for a combination of cash and equity in the Securitization Parent SPE, (iii) a Second Tier Receivables Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among, the Securitization Borrower, the Securitization Parent SPE and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which Securitization Parent SPE has sold or contributed and will sell or contribute to the Securitization Borrower certain receivables and related assets in consideration for a combination of cash and equity in the Securitization Borrower, (iv) the Sub-Servicing Agreement, dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among the Company and each Securitization Originator, (v) the Pledge and Guaranty, dated as of the December 10, 2020, between the Securitization Parent SPE and the Administrative Agent, and (vi) the Performance Guaranty, dated as of December 17, 2020, between the Company, as performance guarantor, and the Securitization Administrative Agent (and together with all other certificates, instruments, UCC financing statements, reports, notices, agreements and documents executed or delivered in connection with the Securitization Loan Agreement, the “Securitization Agreements”).

The Securitization Borrower, the Company, the Securitization Parent SPE and the Securitization Originators provide customary representations and covenants under the Securitization Agreements. The Securitization Loan Agreement provides for certain events of default upon the occurrence of which the Securitization Administrative Agent may declare the facility’s termination date to have occurred and declare the outstanding Securitization Loan and all other obligations of the Securitization Borrower to be immediately due and payable, however the Securitization Facility does not include an ongoing liquidity covenant like the A/R Facility and aligns reporting obligations with the Company’s other material indebtedness agreements.

The Securitization Borrower and Securitization Parent SPE were formed in December 2020, and are identified as VIEs and consolidated into the Company’s financial statements following VIE consolidation model under ASC 810. The Securitization Borrower and Securitization Parent SPE are bankruptcy remote entities and as such their assets are not available to creditors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Each loan under the Securitization Facility bears interest on the unpaid principal amount as follows: (i) if a Base Rate Loan, at a rate per annum equal to (x) the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus 0.50% and (c) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate (as defined in the Securitization Loan Agreement) plus 1.00%, plus (y) 8.75%; or (ii) if a LIBOR Rate Loan, at the Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus 9.75%.

On June 17, 2022, the Company repaid in full the loans outstanding under the Securitization Facility. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of loans under the Securitization Facility as of such date was approximately $91.9 million. The early termination of the Securitization Facility triggered a prepayment premium of $2.7 million and required payment of approximately $0.5 million and $1.3 million in respect of accrued interest and fees, respectively. All obligations under the Securitization Facility (other than contingent indemnification obligations that expressly survive termination) terminated upon repayment. The Securitization Facility was replaced by the Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement described below. Repayment of the Securitization Facility was treated as an extinguishment of debt under ASC 470-50. Accordingly, the Company wrote off the unamortized balance of $3.3 million of debt issuance costs related to the Securitization Facility.

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On June 17, 2022, the Company entered into an amended and restated receivables purchase agreement (the “Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement”) under its accounts receivable securitization facility among certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, its wholly-owned, “bankruptcy remote” special purpose subsidiaries (“SPEs”) and certain global financial institutions (“Purchasers”). The Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement extends the term of the securitization facility such that the SPE may sell certain receivables to the Purchasers until June 17, 2025. Under the Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement, transfers of accounts receivable from the SPEs are treated as sales and are accounted for as a reduction in accounts receivable because the agreement transfers effective control over and risk related to the accounts receivable to the Purchasers. The Company and related subsidiaries have no continuing involvement in the transferred accounts receivable, other than collection and administrative responsibilities and, once sold, the accounts receivable are no longer available to satisfy creditors of the Company or the related subsidiaries. On June 17, 2022, the Company sold $85.0 million of its accounts receivable and used the whole proceeds from this sale to repay part of the borrowings from the Securitization Facility (as discussed above). These sales were transacted at 100% of the face value of the relevant accounts receivable, resulting in derecognition of the accounts receivable from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The Company de-recognized $408.9 million of accounts receivable under this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2022. The amount remitted to the Purchaser during fiscal year 2022 was $308.7 million. The Company de-recognized $140.0 million of accounts receivable under this agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The amount remitted to the Purchasers during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $141.3 million. Unsold accounts receivable of $48.1 million and $46.5 million were pledged by the SPEs as collateral to the Purchasers as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These pledged accounts receivables are included in accounts receivable, net in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The program resulted in a pre-tax loss of $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The fair value of the sold accounts receivable approximated their book value due to their short-term nature. Sold accounts receivable are presented as a change in receivables within operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Second Lien Note

On February 27, 2023, Exela Receivables 3 Holdco, LLC and its subsidiary the Securitization Borrower and B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC entered into a new Secured Promissory Note pursuant to which B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC agreed to lend up to $35.0 million secured by a second lien pledge of the Securitization Borrower (the “Second Lien Note”). The Second Lien Note matures on June 17, 2025 and bears interest at a per annum rate of one-month Term SOFR plus 7.5%. Both subsidiaries are party to the Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement with PNC Bank, thus the transactions necessitated amendments to that agreement and related documents to permit the addition of subordinated debt and additional borrowing capacity into that transaction structure, in addition to providing for a $5.0 million fee to PNC for facilitating the transaction. In connection with the above-described facility, we also amended the BRCC Term Loan and BRCC Revolver to provide for $9.6 million of borrowing capacity, which was drawn as described above.

As of March 31, 2023, there were borrowings of $31.5 million outstanding under the Second Lien Note.

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Long-Term Debt Outstanding

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the following long-term debt instruments were outstanding:



	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Other (a)	$	31,586		25,117
Term loan under first lien credit agreement (b)		66,872		71,470
2023 notes (c)		9,395		22,762
2026 notes (d)		912,747		908,959
Secured borrowings under BRCC Facility		43,925		68,529
Second Lien Note (e)		25,603		—
Total debt		1,090,128		1,096,837
Less: Current portion of long-term debt		(136,696)		(154,802)
Long-term debt, net of current maturities	$	953,432	$	942,035

(a)	Other debt represents outstanding loan balances associated with various hardware, software purchases, maintenance and leasehold improvements along with loans and receivables factoring arrangement entered into by subsidiaries of the Company.

(b)	Net of unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $0.1 million and $0.5 million as of March 31, 2023 and $0.2 million and $0.9 million as of December 31, 2022.

(c)	Net of unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million as of March 31, 2023 and $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million as of December 31, 2022.

(d)	Net of unamortized net original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $55.7 million and $11.5 million as of March 31, 2023; and unamortized net original issue discount and debt issuance costs of $58.8 million and $12.1 million as of December 31, 2022.

(e)	Net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $5.9 million as of March 31, 2023.

6. Income Taxes

The Company applies an estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”) approach for calculating a tax provision for interim periods, as required under GAAP. The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.7 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company's ETR of (6.2)% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 differed from the expected U.S. statutory tax rate of 21.0% and was primarily impacted by permanent tax adjustments, state and local current expense, foreign operations, and valuation allowances, including valuation allowances on a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets on U.S. disallowed interest expense carryforwards created by the provisions of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”).

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company’s ETR of (4.6)% differed from the expected U.S. statutory tax rate of 21.0%, and was primarily impacted by permanent tax adjustments, state and local current expense, foreign operations, and valuation allowances, including valuation allowances on a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets on U.S. disallowed interest expense carryforwards created by the provisions of the TCJA.

As of March 31, 2023, there were no material changes to either the nature or the amounts of the uncertain tax positions previously determined for the year ended December 31, 2022.

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7. Employee Benefit Plans

German Pension Plan

The Company’s subsidiary in Germany provides pension benefits to certain retirees. Employees eligible for participation include all employees who started working for the Company or its predecessors prior to September 30, 1987 and have finished a qualifying period of at least 10 years. The Company accrues the cost of these benefits over the service lives of the covered employees based on an actuarial calculation. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for this plan. The German pension plan is an unfunded plan and therefore has no plan assets. No new employees are registered under this plan and the participants who are already eligible to receive benefits under this plan are no longer employees of the Company.

U.K. Pension Plan

The Company’s subsidiary in the United Kingdom provides pension benefits to certain retirees and eligible dependents. Employees eligible for participation include all full-time regular employees who were more than three years from retirement prior to October 2001. A retirement pension or a lump-sum payment may be paid dependent upon length of service at the mandatory retirement age. The Company accrues the cost of these benefits over the service lives of the covered employees based on an actuarial calculation. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for this plan. No new employees are registered under this plan and the pension obligation for the existing participants of the plan is calculated based on actual salary of the participants as at the earlier of two dates, the participants leaving the Company or December 31, 2015.

Norway Pension Plan

The Company’s subsidiary in Norway provides pension benefits to eligible retirees and eligible dependents. Employees eligible for participation include all employees who were more than three years from retirement prior to March 2018. The Company accrues the cost of these benefits over the service lives of the covered employees based on an actuarial calculation. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for this plan. No new employees are registered under this plan and the pension obligation for the existing participants of the plan is calculated based on actual salary of the participants as at the later of two dates, the participants leaving the Company or April 30, 2018.

Asterion Pension Plan

In April 2018, through its acquisition of Asterion International Group, the Company became obligated to provide pension benefits to eligible retirees and eligible dependents of Asterion. Employees eligible for participation include all full-time regular employees who were more than three years from retirement prior to July 2003. A retirement pension or a lump-sum payment may be paid dependent upon length of service at the mandatory retirement age. The Company accrues the cost of these benefits over the service lives of the covered employees based on an actuarial calculation. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for this plan. No new employees are registered under this plan and the pension obligation for the existing participants of the plan is calculated based on actual salary of the participants as at the earlier of two dates, the participants leaving the Company or April 10, 2018.

Tax Effect on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 the Company recorded actuarial losses of $3.7 million and $3.6 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, respectively, which is net of a deferred tax benefit of $2.0 million for each period.

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Pension Expense

The components of the net periodic benefit cost are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Service cost	$	10	$	16
Interest cost		749		517
Expected return on plan assets		(667)		(772)
Amortization:
Amortization of prior service cost		88		56
Amortization of net loss		385		688
Net periodic benefit cost	$	565	$	505

The Company records pension interest cost within interest expense, net. Expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service costs, and amortization of net losses are recorded within other income, net. Service cost is recorded within cost of revenue.

Employer Contributions

The Company’s funding of employer contributions is based on governmental requirements and differs from those methods used to recognize pension expense. The Company made contributions of $0.6 million and $0.7 million to its pension plans during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company has funded the pension plans with the required contributions for 2023 based on current plan provisions.

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Adverse Arbitration Order

In April 2020, one of the Company's Nordic subsidiaries commenced an arbitration in Finland against a customer alleging breach of contract and other damages in connection with an outsourcing services agreement and transition services agreement executed in 2017. In September 2020, the customer submitted counterclaims against the Company in an aggregate amount in excess of €10.0 million. Following an expedited arbitration, in late November 2020, the arbitrator awarded the customer approximately $13.0 million in the aggregate for the counterclaimed damages and costs. The Company filed an application to annul the award in late January 2021 with the relevant court asserting, among other bases, that the arbitrator violated due process and procedural rules by disallowing the Company’s witness and expert testimony and maintaining the expedited format following the assertion of significant counterclaims which would ordinarily have required the application of normal rather than expedited rules. On May 28, 2021, the parties entered into a settlement agreement resolving this dispute for a total of $8.8 million including the reimbursement of certain third party charges. As of March 31, 2023, there was a net outstanding balance of $1.3 million for this matter included in accrued liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Contract-Related Contingencies

The Company has certain contingent obligations that arise in the ordinary course of providing services to its customers. These contingencies are generally the result of contracts that require the Company to comply with certain performance measurements or the delivery of certain services to customers by a specified deadline. The Company believes the adjustments to the transaction price, if any, under these contract provisions will not result in a significant revenue reversal or have a material adverse effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, condensed consolidated statements of operations or condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

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9. Fair Value Measurement

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The carrying amount of assets and liabilities including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and current portion of other debt approximated their fair value as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, due to the relative short maturity of these instruments. Management estimates the fair values of the secured term loan, secured 2023 notes and secured 2026 notes at approximately 40.0%, 30.0% and 12.0% respectively, of the respective principal balances outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and approximately 64.0%, 65.0% and 15.5% respectively, of the respective principal balance outstanding as of December 31, 2022. The fair values of secured borrowings under the Company’s securitization facility, BRCC facility and Second Lien Note are equal to the respective carrying values. Other debt represents the Company’s outstanding loan balances associated with various hardware, software purchases, maintenance and leasehold improvements along with loans and receivables factoring arrangement entered into by subsidiaries of the Company and as such, the cost incurred would approximate fair value. Property and equipment, intangible assets, capital lease obligations, and goodwill are not required to be re-measured to fair value on a recurring basis. These assets are evaluated for impairment if certain triggering events occur. If such evaluation indicates that impairment exists, the respective asset is written down to its fair value.

The Company determined the fair value of its long-term debt and current portion of long-term debts using Level 2 inputs, including any recent issuance of the debt, the Company’s credit rating, and the current risk-free rate.

The following table provides the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	Carrying		Fair		Fair Value Measurements
As of March 31, 2023	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Recurring assets and liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	953,432	$	158,281	$	—	$	158,281	$	—
Current portion of long-term debts		136,696		90,239		—		90,239		—
Nonrecurring assets and liabilities:
Goodwill		186,877		186,877		—		—		186,877


	Carrying		Fair		Fair Value Measurements
As of December 31, 2022	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Recurring assets and liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	942,035	$	184,968	$	—	$	184,968	$	—
Current portion of long-term debts		154,802		121,893		—		121,893		—
Nonrecurring assets and liabilities:
Goodwill		186,802		186,802		—		—		186,802

10. Stock-Based Compensation

Exela 2018 Stock Incentive Plan

On January 17, 2018, Exela’s 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) became effective. The 2018 Plan provides for the grant of incentive and nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance awards, and other stock-based compensation to eligible participants. The Company was initially authorized to issue up to 138,729 shares of Common Stock under the 2018 Plan. On June 27, 2022, the shareholders of the Company approved our Amended and Restated 2018 Stock Incentive Plan increasing the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance from an original 138,729 shares to 892,404.

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Restricted Stock Unit

Restricted stock unit awards generally vest ratably over a one to two year period. Restricted stock units are subject to forfeiture if employment or service terminates prior to vesting and are expensed ratably over the vesting period.

A summary of restricted stock unit activities under the 2018 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is summarized in the following table:


				Average
		Weighted		Remaining
	Number	Average Grant		Contractual Life	Aggregate
	of Units	Date Fair Value		(Years)	Intrinsic Value
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2022	1,515	$	33.00	0.41	$	50
Granted	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Vested	—		—
Outstanding Balance as of March 31, 2023	1,515	$	33.00	0.17	$	50

Options

Under the 2018 Plan, stock options are granted at a price per share not less than 100% of the fair market value per share of the underlying stock at the grant date. The vesting period for each option award is established on the grant date, and the options generally expire 10 years from the grant date. Options granted under the 2018 Plan generally require no less than a two or four year ratable vesting period. Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is summarized in the following table:


						Average
		Weighted		Weighted		Remaining
		Average Grant		Average		Vesting Period	Aggregate
	Outstanding	Date Fair Value		Exercise Price		(Years)	Intrinsic Value (2)
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2022	70,384	$	112.77	$	235.59	0.20	$	—
Granted	—		—
Exercised	—		—
Forfeited	(1,536)		121.07
Expired	—		—
Outstanding Balance as of March 31, 2023 (1)	68,848	$	112.59	$	235.59	0.14	$	—

(1) 50,622 of the outstanding options are exercisable as of March 31, 2023.

(2) Exercise prices of all of the outstanding options as of March 31, 2023 were higher than the market price of the shares of the Company. Therefore, aggregate intrinsic value is zero.

As of March 31, 2023, there was approximately $0.1 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock unit awards and stock option awards under the 2018 Plan, which will be recognized over the respective service period. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded within selling, general, and administrative expenses. The Company incurred total compensation expense of $0.1 million and $0.1 million related to restricted stock unit awards and stock option awards under the 2018 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Market Performance Units

On September 14, 2021, the Company granted its Executive Chairman performance units with a market performance condition, which are notional units representing the right to receive one share of Common Stock (or the cash value of one share of Common Stock). Until such time that the Company obtained the approval of the stockholders of the Company regarding an increase to the number of shares authorized for issuance under its 2018 Plan in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(a), these performance units would be settled in cash, and following such shareholder approval, at the election of the compensation committee of the Company, might be settled in cash or in shares of Common Stock. The performance units provide that until an increase to the share reserve is approved, such performance units are subject to the terms and conditions of the 2018 Plan as though granted thereunder, but not be considered an

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award that is outstanding under the plan, and following such time that the plan amendment is approved, constitute an award under the 2018 Plan.

Fifty percent of the performance units covered by the award will vest if, at any time during the period commencing September 14, 2021 and ending June 30, 2024, the volume weighted average of the reported closing price of the Company’s Common Stock is $200 per share or greater on (x) 60 consecutive trading days or (y) 90 non-consecutive trading days in any 180 day period (the “Tranche 1”). In addition, the remaining 50% of the performance units will vest if, at any time during the period commencing September 14, 2021 and ending June 30, 2025, the volume weighted average of the reported closing prices of the Company’s Common Stock is $400 per share or greater on (x) 60 consecutive trading days or (y) 90 non-consecutive trading days in any 180 day period (the “Tranche 2”). Any Tranche 1 and Tranche 2 units that are not earned by June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2025, respectively, will be forfeited for no consideration and will no longer be eligible to vest. In addition, if a change in control occurs prior to the applicable expiration date, if the performance units are assumed by the acquirer, the units will remain outstanding and eligible to vest based solely on his continued service to the Company. If in connection with such change in control the performance units are not assumed by an acquirer, a number of performance units will vest based on the per share price paid in the transaction, with 0% vesting if the per share price is equal to or less than $40.00 per share, and 100% of the Tranche 1 vesting if the per share price is equal to or greater than $200 and 100% of the Tranche 2 vesting if the per share price is equal to or greater than $400, and a number of Tranche 1 and Tranche 2 vesting determined based on a straight line interpolation if the share price is between $40.00 and $200.00 or $400.00, respectively. In addition, if there is a change in control that is principally negotiated and approved by, and recommended to the Company’s shareholders by, a special committee of independent directors which committee does not include the Executive Chairman, and neither he nor any of his affiliates is directly or indirectly an equity holder of the acquiring Company, and the Tranche 1 are not assumed by an acquirer in connection with such transaction, all of his then unvested Tranche 1 will vest, and the Tranche 2 would be eligible for the pro rata vesting described above. The Executive Chairman will remain eligible to earn his performance units so long as he remains employed with the Company as Executive Chairman through December 31, 2023 and following such date he remains engaged with the Company in any capacity, including as a non-employee director.

On June 27, 2022, the Company obtained the approval of the stockholders of the Company for the 2018 Plan amendment regarding an increase to the number of shares authorized for issuance under its 2018 Plan. After approval of the amended and restated 2018 Plan, the performance units are an award that is outstanding under the amended and restated 2018 Plan. Therefore, the performance units may be settled in cash or in shares of Common Stock of the Company at the election of the compensation committee of the Company.

The fair value of per unit of the awards was determined to be $29.60 and $30.20 for Tranche 1 and Tranche 2, respectively, on the grant date by application of the Monte Carlo simulation model. Until December 31, 2021, the performance units were cash-settled awards and therefore accounted for as a liability classified award. On December 31, 2021, upon the approval of the amended and restated 2018 Plan, the performance units may be settled in cash or in shares of Common Stock of the Company at the election of the compensation committee of the Company, therefore the award was reclassified to equity. On December 31, 2021, the modification date fair value of per unit of the awards was determined to be $8.80 and $9.40 for Tranche 1 and Tranche 2, respectively, by application of the Monte Carlo simulation model.

The following table summarizes the activity for the market performance restricted stock units for the three months ended March 31, 2023:


				Weighted Average
		Weighted		Period Over
	Number	Average		Which Expected
	of Units	Fair Value		to be Recognized
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2022	425,000	$	9.10	2.98
Granted	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Vested	—		—
Outstanding Balance as of March 31, 2023	425,000	$	9.10	2.98

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As of March 31, 2023, there was approximately $1.5 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested performance unit awards, which will be recognized over the requisite service period. We recognized $0.2 million and $0.2 million compensation expense associated with the performance unit award for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

11. Stockholders’ Equity

The following description summarizes the material terms and provisions of the securities that the Company has authorized.

Common Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 1,600,000,000 shares of Common Stock. Except as otherwise required by law or as otherwise provided in any certificate of designation for any series of preferred stock, the holders of our Common Stock and Tandem Preferred Stock (that provides a vote to holders of our Series B Preferred Stock, as described below) possess all voting power for the election of our Board of Directors (the “Board”) and all other matters requiring stockholder action and will at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of Exela stockholders. Holders of our Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters to be voted on by stockholders. Holders of our Common Stock will be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Board in its discretion out of funds legally available therefor and shall share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions. The holders of the Common Stock have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the Common Stock. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were 1,274,204,054 and 278,655,235 shares of Common Stock outstanding, respectively.

Common Stock At-The-Market Sales Program

On May 27, 2021, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“First ATM Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“B. Riley”) and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Cantor”), as distribution agents, under which the Company may offer and sell shares of the Company’s Common Stock from time to time through the Distribution Agents, acting as sales agent or principal. On September 30, 2021, the Company entered into a second At Market Issuance Sales Agreement with B. Riley, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Cantor, Mizuho Securities USA LLC and Needham & Company, LLC, as distribution agents (together with the First ATM Agreement, the “ATM Agreement”).

Sales of the shares of Common Stock under the ATM Agreement, have been in “at the market offerings” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, including, without limitation, sales made directly on or through the Nasdaq or on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock, as applicable, or to or through a market maker or any other method permitted by law, including, without limitation, negotiated transactions and block trades. Shares of Common Stock sold under the ATM Agreement have been offered pursuant to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-255707), filed with the SEC on May 3, 2021, and declared effective on May 12, 2021 and the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-263909), filed with the SEC on March 28, 2022, and

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declared effective on May 10, 2022, and the prospectuses and related prospectus supplements included therein for sales of shares of Common Stock as follows:


Supplement	Period	Number of Shares Sold	Weighted Average Price Per Share	Gross Proceeds	Net Proceeds
Prospectus supplement dated May 27, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million (“Common ATM Program–1”)	May 28, 2021 through July 1, 2021	2,471,185	$40.164	$99.3 million	$95.7 million
Prospectus supplement dated June 30, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $150.0 million (“Common ATM Program–2”)	June 30, 2021 through September 2, 2021	2,879,023	$52.069	$149.9 million	$144.4 million
Prospectus supplement dated September 30, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million (“Common ATM Program–3”)	October 6, 2021 through March 31, 2022	16,743,797	$14.931	$250.0 million	$241.0 million
Prospectus supplement dated May 23, 2022 with an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million (“Common ATM Program–4”)	May 24, 2022 through March 31, 2023	1,252,436,438	$0.181	$226.4 million	$219.3 million

Due to the late filing of our 2022 Form 10-K the Company lost eligibility to use Form S-3 (and thereby the ability to conduct at the market offerings) for twelve full calendar months following the date the Annual Report was due.

Share Buyback Program

On August 10, 2022, the Company’s Board authorized a share buyback program (the “2022 Share Buyback Program”), pursuant to which the Company is permitted to repurchase up to 10,000,000 shares of Common Stock over the next two-year period. The 2022 Share Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares of Common Stock. No shares were repurchased under the 2022 Share Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, we had repurchased and concurrently retired a total of 357,461 shares of Common Stock pursuant to the 2022 Share Buyback Program.

The Company records such stock repurchases as a reduction to stockholders’ equity. The Company allocates the excess of the repurchase price over the par value of shares acquired to Accumulated Deficit and Additional Paid-in Capital. The portion allocated to Additional Paid-in Capital is determined by dividing the number of shares to be retired by the number of shares issued multiplied by the balance of Additional Paid-in Capital as of the retirement date.

Series A Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board. The Company has designated 2,800,000 shares of its authorized preferred stock as Series A Preferred Stock. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had 2,778,111 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding. The par value of the Series A Preferred Stock is $0.0001 per share. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible at the holder’s option, at any time into the number of shares of Common Stock determined as of the date of conversion using a certain conversion formula that takes into account the amount of Liquidation Preference per share as adjusted for accrued but unpaid dividends, as described below. As of March 31, 2023, each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock was convertible into 0.0270 shares of Common Stock using this conversion formula. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2023, 74,884 shares of Common Stock were issuable upon conversion of the remaining 2,778,111 shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

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Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at a rate per annum of 10% of the dollar amount of per share liquidation preference (plus accumulated but unpaid dividends, the “Series A Liquidation Preference”) per share of Series A Preferred Stock, paid or accrued quarterly in arrears on the 15^th day of each March, June, September and December. From the issue date through December 31, 2022, the amount of all accrued but unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock have been added to the Series A Liquidation Preference. The Company shall add the amount of all accrued but unpaid dividends on each quarterly dividend payment date to the Series A Liquidation Preference, except to the extent the Company elects to make all or any portion of such payment in cash on or prior to the applicable dividend payment date, in which case, the amount of the accrued but unpaid dividends that is added to the Series A Liquidation Preference shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the amount of any such cash payment. The Company is not required to make any payment or allowance for unpaid dividends, whether or not in arrears, on converted shares of Series A Preferred Stock or for dividends on the shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of such shares. The gross dividend accumulation for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1.0 million and $0.9, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the total accumulated but unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock since inception on July 12, 2017 was $16.9 million. The per share average of cumulative preferred dividends for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is $0.3 and $0.3, respectively.

In addition, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock will participate in any dividend or distribution of cash or other property paid in respect of the Common Stock pro rata with the holders of the Common Stock (other than certain dividends or distributions that trigger an adjustment to the conversion rate, as described in the Certificate of Designations), as if all shares of Series A Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock immediately prior to the date on which such holders of the Common Stock became entitled to such dividend or distribution.

Series B Preferred Stock and Tandem Preferred Stock

The Company has designated 8,100,000 shares of its authorized and unissued preferred stock as Series B Preferred Stock. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had 3,029,900 shares of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding. The par value of the Series B Preferred Stock is $0.0001 per share. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock is convertible at the holder’s option, at any time into the number of shares of Common Stock determined as of the date of conversion using a certain conversion formula that takes into account the amount of liquidation preference per share as adjusted for accrued but unpaid dividends, as described below. As of March 31, 2023, after taking into account the payment of the accrued dividend, each outstanding share of Series B Preferred Stock was convertible into 1.0302 share of Common Stock using this conversion formula. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2023, 3,121,479 shares of Common Stock were issuable upon conversion of 3,029,900 shares of outstanding Series B Preferred Stock. The Series B Preferred Stock are listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol “XELAP”.

Holders of the Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at a rate per annum of 6% of the dollar amount of per share liquidation preference (plus accumulated but unpaid dividends, the “Series B Liquidation Preference”) per share of Series B Preferred Stock, paid or accrued quarterly in arrears on the last day of each of March, June, September and December. The Company shall add the amount of all accrued but unpaid dividends on each quarterly dividend payment date to the Series B Liquidation Preference, except to the extent the Company elects to make all or any portion of such payment in cash on or prior to the applicable dividend payment date, in which case, the amount of the accrued but unpaid dividends that is added to the Series B Liquidation Preference shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the amount of any such cash payment. The Company is not required to make any payment or allowance for unpaid dividends, whether or not in arrears, on converted shares of Series B Preferred Stock or for dividends on the shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of such shares. The gross dividend accumulation for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1.2 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively as reflected on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2023, the total accumulated but unpaid dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock since inception on March 23, 2022 was $2.3 million. The per share average of cumulative preferred dividends for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $0.38 and $0.08, respectively.

In addition, holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will participate in any dividend or distribution of cash or other property paid in respect of the Common Stock pro rata with the holders of the Common Stock (other than certain dividends or distributions that trigger an adjustment to the conversion rate, as described in the Certificate of Designations), as if all shares of Series B Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock immediately prior to

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the date on which such holders of the Common Stock became entitled to such dividend or distribution. Holders of Series B Preferred Stock also have rights to vote for the election of one additional director to serve on the Board, if dividends on Series B Preferred Stock are in arrears for eight or more consecutive quarters, until all unpaid and accumulated dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock have been paid or declared and a sum sufficient for payment is set aside for such payment.

On May 17, 2022, the Company issued one share of tandem preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Tandem Preferred Stock”), as a dividend on its existing shares of outstanding Series B Preferred Stock. Any issuance of Series B Preferred Stock after this date shall be automatically accompanied by an equal number of shares of Tandem Preferred Stock. Tandem Preferred Stock are embedded in the Series B Preferred Stock and they provide voting rights to the existing shares of Series B Preferred Stock. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock disclosed in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ deficit and the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements embeds one share of Tandem Preferred Stock.

On all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company, the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock through their holdings of Tandem Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote with the holders of the Common Stock as a single class. Each share of Tandem Preferred Stock entitles the holder to one vote per share, subject to adjustment for issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any dividend or distribution on shares of Common Stock, share split or share combination or other transactions as specified in the Certificate of Designation of Tandem Preferred Stock.

Shares of Tandem Preferred Stock are not entitled to receive dividends of any kind. In the case of a transfer of the underlying Series B Preferred Stock by a holder to any transferee, the Tandem Preferred Stock shall be automatically transferred simultaneously to such transferee without any further action by such Holder. Upon the redemption of a holder’s shares of Series B Preferred Stock or the conversion of shares of Series B Preferred Stock into Common Stock, an equal number of such holder’s shares of Tandem Preferred Stock shall, without any further action required by the holder, be automatically transferred to the Company for cancellation without the payment of any additional consideration by the Company. In the event of any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Company each holder of the Tandem Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive and to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders an amount in cash equal to the par value of such Tandem Preferred Stock with respect to each share of Tandem Preferred Stock held by such holder.

Redeemable Special Voting Preferred Stock

On March 7, 2023, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of special voting preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Redeemable Special Voting Preferred Stock”) at par value of $100 to GP-HGM LLC, an entity affiliated to the Executive Chairman of the Company, pursuant to a certain subscription, voting and redemption agreement (the “Subscription, Voting and Redemption Agreement”). The Executive Chairman of the Company was the designated manager of GP-HGM LLC. As a sole holder of the Redeemable Special Voting Preferred Stock, GP-HGM LLC is entitled to 75,000 votes per share, to be voted together and in proportion with the holders of the Company’s voting capital stock as a single class at the Special Meeting of our Stockholders originally scheduled for May 4, 2023 (but adjourned to May 11, 2023). At the Special Meeting, stockholders will be asked to approve the adoption of an amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation to effect a reverse split of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock at a ratio in the range of 1-for-100 to 1-for-200, to be determined at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors and publicly disclosed prior to the effectiveness of such reverse stock split (the “2023 Reverse Stock Split Proposal”), whereby each outstanding 100 to 200 shares would be reclassified and combined into 1 share of Common Stock, with the primary intent of increasing the price of the Common Stock in order to meet the Nasdaq Capital Market $1 minimum bid price listing requirement, without which the Company’s equity securities may be delisted from Nasdaq. The Company has further agreed to redeem the shares of Special Voting Stock for an aggregate price of $100 on the first business day following the date on which the voting on the 2023 Reverse Stock Split Proposal has concluded.

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Treasury Stock

As of March 31, 2023, the Company has 46,452 shares repurchased and held as treasury stock under a prior expired share buyback program authorized on November 8, 2017. The Company records treasury stock using the cost method.

Warrants

At March 31, 2023, there were warrants outstanding to purchase 486,591 shares of our Common Stock, consisting of 9,731,819 warrants to purchase one-twentieth of one share from the private placement that was completed in March 2021.

Private Placement of Unregistered Shares and Warrants

On March 15, 2021, the Company, entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain accredited institutional investors pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to ten accredited institutional investors in a private placement an aggregate of 486,591 unregistered shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a price of $55.00 per share and an equal number of warrants, generating gross proceeds to the Company of $26.8 million. Cantor Fitzgerald acted as underwriter in connection with such sale of unregistered securities and received a placement fee of 5.5% of gross proceeds in connection with such service. In selling the shares without registration, the Company relied on exemptions from registration available under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder. The Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 on May 3, 2021 that registered these shares and the shares underlying these private placement warrants.

Each private placement warrant entitles the holder to purchase one-twentieth of one share of Common Stock, at an exercise price of $80.00 per share and will expire on September 19, 2026. The private placement warrants are not traded as of March 31, 2023 and are not subject to redemption by the Company.

12. Related-Party Transactions

Relationship with HandsOn Global Management

The Company incurred reimbursable travel expenses to HOVS LLC and HandsOn Fund 4 I, LLC (collectively, and together with certain of their affiliated entities managed by HandsOn Global Management LLC, including such entity, “HGM”) of less than $0.1 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Certain members of our Board, including our Executive Chairman, Par Chadha, Sharon Chadha, Ron Cogburn, and James Reynolds are, have been, or may be deemed to be affiliated with HGM.

Pursuant to a master agreement dated January 1, 2015 between Rule 14, LLC and a subsidiary of the Company, the Company incurs marketing fees to Rule 14, LLC, a portfolio company of HGM. Similarly, the Company is party to ten master agreements with entities affiliated with HGM’s managed funds, each of which were entered into during 2015 and 2016. Each master agreement provides the Company with use of certain technology and includes a reseller arrangement pursuant to which the Company is entitled to sell these services to third parties. Any revenue earned by the Company in such third-party sale is shared 75%/25% with each of HGM’s venture affiliates in favor of the Company. The brands Zuma, Athena, Peri, BancMate, Spring, Jet, Teletype, CourtQ and Rewardio are part of the HGM managed funds. The Company has the license to use and resell such brands, as described therein. The Company incurred fees relating to these agreements of $2.4 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Certain operating companies lease their operating facilities from HOV RE, LLC and HOV Services Limited, which are affiliates under common control with HGM. The rental expense for these operating leases was less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition, HOV Services, Ltd. provides the Company data capture and technology services. The expense recognized for these services was

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approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These expenses are included in cost of revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Consulting Agreement

The Company receives services from Oakana Holdings, Inc. The Company and Oakana Holdings, Inc. are related through a family relationship between our Executive Chairman and the president of Oakana Holdings, Inc. The expense recognized for these services was less than $0.1 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Subscription Agreements

On July 21, 2022, the Company entered into a subscription agreement with its Executive Chairman. Pursuant to this subscription agreement, on August 11, 2022, the Company issued and sold 70,921 shares of Common Stock of the Company to Par Chadha for a purchase price of $0.1 million.

Subscription, Voting and Redemption Agreement

As described above, on March 7, 2023, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of Redeemable Special Voting Preferred Stock for $100 to GP-HGM LLC, pursuant to a certain subscription, voting and redemption agreement. The Company has further agreed to redeem the shares of Special Voting Stock for an aggregate price of $100 on the first business day following the date on which the voting on the 2023 Reverse Stock Split Proposal has concluded.

Payable and Receivable/Prepayment Balances with Affiliates

Payable and receivable/prepayment balances with affiliates as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:



	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Receivables and Prepaid Expenses		Payables		Receivables and Prepaid Expenses		Payables
HOV Services, Ltd	$	649	$	—	$	412	$	—
Rule 14		—		2,548		—		2,473
HGM		92		—		347		—
	$	741	$	2,548	$	759	$	2,473

13. Segment and Geographic Area Information

The Company’s operating segments are significant strategic business units that align its products and services with how it manages its business, approaches the markets and interacts with customers. The Company is organized into three segments: ITPS, HS, and LLPS.

ITPS: The ITPS segment provides a wide range of solutions and services designed to aid businesses in information capture, processing, decisioning and distribution to customers primarily in the financial services, commercial, public sector and legal industries.

HS: The HS segment operates and maintains an outsourcing business specializing in both the healthcare provider and payer markets.

LLPS: The LLPS segment provides a broad and active array of legal services in connection with class action, labor claims adjudication and employment and other legal matters.

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The chief operating decision maker reviews segment profit to evaluate operating segment performance and determine how to allocate resources to operating segments. “Segment profit” is defined as revenue less cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). The Company does not allocate selling, general, and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense and sundry expenses (income), net. The Company manages assets on a total company basis, not by operating segment, and therefore asset information and capital expenditures by operating segments are not presented. A reconciliation of segment profit to net loss before income taxes is presented below.


		Three months ended March 31, 2023
	ITPS		HS		LLPS		Total
Revenue	$	193,708	$	63,043	$	16,869	$	273,620
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		158,511		46,736		11,220		216,467
Segment profit		35,197		16,307		5,649		57,153
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)								44,381
Depreciation and amortization								16,560
Related party expense								3,112
Interest expense, net								44,180
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net								(8,773)
Sundry expense, net								748
Other income, net								(282)
Net loss before income taxes							$	(42,773)


		Three months ended March 31, 2022
	ITPS		HS		LLPS		Total
Revenue	$	205,007	$	56,596	$	17,795	$	279,398
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		163,586		46,731		13,187		223,504
Segment profit		41,421		9,865		4,608		55,894
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)								43,040
Depreciation and amortization								18,212
Related party expense								1,987
Interest expense, net								39,760
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net								884
Sundry expense, net								307
Other expense, net								6,159
Net loss before income taxes							$	(54,455)

14. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated all events that occur after the balance sheet date through the date when these condensed consolidated financial statements were issued to determine if they must be reported. The Management of the Company determined that except as set forth below there were no separately reportable subsequent event(s) to be disclosed.

On May 2, 2023, B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC provided notice to GP 2XCV and GP 2XCV Holdings LLC, bankruptcy remote subsidiaries of the Company, claiming that GP 2XCV failed to timely make certain payments due for the months of March and April 2023 and provide notice of those failures, all as required by the BRCC Facility. On May 10, 2023, B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC agreed to waive these defaults based on GP 2XCV’s agreement to pay $1.6 million by May 17, 2023 and $1.6 million by May 26, 2023, subject to accrual of interest on the BRCC Facility at the default rate of 13.5% beginning from March 31, 2023, through the date of payment.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Among other things, the condensed consolidated financial statements include more detailed information regarding the basis of presentation for the financial data than included in the following discussion. Amounts in thousands of United States dollars.

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements included in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this quarterly report are not historical facts but are forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “may”, “should”, “would”, “plan”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “predict”, “potential”, “seem”, “seek”, “continue”, “future”, “will”, “expect”, “outlook” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. These forward-looking statements include statements regarding our industry, future events, estimated or anticipated future results and benefits, future opportunities for Exela, and other statements that are not historical facts. These statements are based on the current expectations of Exela management and are not predictions of actual performance. These statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties regarding Exela’s businesses and actual results may differ materially. The factors that may affect our results include, among others: the impact of political and economic conditions on the demand for our services; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; the impact of the 2022 network outage, cyber incidents such as a data or security breach; the impact of competition or alternatives to our services on our business pricing and other actions by competitors; our ability to address technological development and change in order to keep pace with our industry and the industries of our customers; the impact of terrorism, natural disasters or similar events on our business; the effect of legislative and regulatory actions in the United States and internationally; the impact of operational failure due to the unavailability or failure of third-party services on which we rely; the effect of intellectual property infringement; and other factors discussed in this quarterly report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (the “Annual Report”) under the heading “Risk Factors”, and otherwise identified or discussed in this quarterly report. You should consider these factors carefully in evaluating forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements, which speak only as of the date of this quarterly report. It is impossible for us to predict new events or circumstances that may arise in the future or how they may affect us. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this quarterly report. We are not including the information provided on any websites that may be referenced herein as part of, or incorporating such information by reference into, this quarterly report. In addition, forward-looking statements provide our expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this quarterly report. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments may cause our assessments to change. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our assessments as of any date subsequent to the date of this quarterly report.

Overview

Exela Technologies, Inc. (“Exela”, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) is a business process automation leader leveraging a global footprint and proprietary technology to help turn the complex into the simple through user friendly software platforms and solutions that enable our customers’ digital transformation. We have decades of expertise earned from serving more than 4,000 customers worldwide, including many of the world’s largest enterprises and over 60% of the Fortune® 100, in many mission critical environments across multiple industries, including banking, healthcare, insurance and manufacturing. Our technology-enabled solutions allow global organizations to address critical challenges resulting from the massive amounts of data obtained and created through their daily operations. Our solutions address the life cycle of transaction processing and enterprise information management, from enabling payment gateways and data exchanges across multiple systems, to matching inputs against contracts and handling exceptions, to ultimately depositing payments and distributing communications. Through cloud-enabled platforms, built on a configurable stack of automation modules, and approximately 15,000 employees operating in 21 countries, Exela rapidly deploys integrated technology and operations as an end-to-end digital journey partner.

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We believe our process expertise, information technology capabilities and operational insights enable our customers’ organizations to more efficiently and effectively execute transactions, make decisions, drive revenue and profitability, and communicate critical information to their employees, customers, partners, and vendors. Our solutions are location agnostic, and we believe the combination of our hybrid hosted solutions and global work force in the Americas, EMEA and Asia offers meaningful differentiation in the industries we serve and services we provide.

History

We are a former special purpose acquisition company that completed an initial public offering on January 22, 2015. In July 2017, Exela, formerly known as Quinpario Acquisition Corp. 2 (“Quinpario”), completed its acquisition of SourceHOV Holdings, Inc. (“SourceHOV”) and Novitex Holdings, Inc. (“Novitex”) pursuant to a business combination agreement dated February 21, 2017 (“Novitex Business Combination”). In conjunction with the completion of the Novitex Business Combination, Quinpario was renamed Exela Technologies, Inc.

The Novitex Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse merger for which SourceHOV was determined to be the accounting acquirer. Outstanding shares of SourceHOV were converted into our common stock (“Common Stock”), presented as a recapitalization, and the net assets of Quinpario were acquired at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The acquisition of Novitex was treated as a business combination under ASC 805 and was accounted for using the acquisition method. The strategic combination of SourceHOV and Novitex formed Exela, which is one of the largest global providers of information processing solutions based on revenues.

Our Segments

Our three reportable segments are Information & Transaction Processing Solutions (“ITPS”), Healthcare Solutions (“HS”), and Legal & Loss Prevention Services (“LLPS”). These segments are comprised of significant strategic business units that align our transaction processing and enterprise information management products and services with how we manage our business, approach our key markets and interact with our customers based on their respective industries.

ITPS: Our largest segment, ITPS, provides a wide range of solutions and services designed to aid businesses in information capture, processing, decisioning and distribution to customers primarily in the financial services, commercial, public sector and legal industries. Our major customers include many leading banks, insurance companies, and utilities, as well as hundreds of federal, state and local government entities. Our ITPS offerings enable companies to increase availability of working capital, reduce turnaround times for application processes, increase regulatory compliance and enhance consumer engagement.

HS: HS operates and maintains an outsourcing business specializing in both the healthcare provider and payer markets. We serve the top healthcare insurance payers and hundreds of healthcare providers.

LLPS: Our LLPS segment provides a broad and active array of support services in connection with class action, labor claims adjudication and employment and other legal matters. Our customer base consists of corporate counsel, government attorneys, and law firms.

Revenues

ITPS revenues are primarily generated from a transaction based pricing model for the various types of volumes processed, licensing and maintenance fees for technology sales, and a mix of fixed management fee and transactional revenue for document logistics and location services. HS revenues are primarily generated from a transaction based pricing model for the various types of volumes processed for healthcare payers and providers. LLPS revenues are primarily based on time and materials pricing as well as through transactional services priced on a per item basis.

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People

We draw on the business and technical expertise of our talented and diverse global workforce to provide our customers with high-quality services. Our business leaders bring a strong diversity of experience in our industry and a track record of successful performance and execution.

As of March 31, 2023, we had approximately 15,000 employees globally, with 56% located in the Americas and EMEA, and the remainder located primarily in India, the Philippines and China.

Costs associated with our employees represent the most significant expense for our business. We incurred personnel costs of $129.4 million and $132.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The majority of our personnel costs are variable and incurred only while we are providing our services.

Key Performance Indicators

We use a variety of operational and financial measures to assess our performance. Among the measures considered by our management are the following:

●

Revenue by segment;

●

EBITDA; and

●

Adjusted EBITDA

Revenue by segment

We analyze our revenue by comparing actual monthly revenue to internal projections and prior periods across our operating segments in order to assess performance, identify potential areas for improvement, and determine whether our segments are meeting management’s expectations.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

We view EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as important indicators of performance of our consolidated operations. We define EBITDA as net income, plus taxes, interest expense, and depreciation and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus optimization and restructuring charges, including severance and retention expenses; transaction and integration costs; other non-cash charges, including non-cash compensation, (gain) or loss from sale or disposal of assets, and impairment charges; and management fees and expenses. See “—Other Financial Information (Non-GAAP Financial Measures)” for more information and a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

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Results of Operations

Three Months ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022		Change		% Change
Revenue:
ITPS	$	193,708	$	205,007	$	(11,299)		(5.51)%
HS		63,043		56,596		6,447		11.39%
LLPS		16,869		17,795		(926)		(5.20)%
Total revenue		273,620		279,398		(5,778)		(2.07)%
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization):
ITPS		158,511		163,586		(5,075)		(3.10)%
HS		46,736		46,731		5		0.01%
LLPS		11,220		13,187		(1,967)		(14.92)%
Total cost of revenues		216,467		223,504		(7,037)		(3.15)%
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		44,381		43,040		1,341		3.12%
Depreciation and amortization		16,560		18,212		(1,652)		(9.07)%
Related party expense		3,112		1,987		1,125		56.62%
Operating profit (loss)		(6,900)		(7,345)		445		(6.06)%
Interest expense, net		44,180		39,760		4,420		11.12%
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net		(8,773)		884		(9,657)		(1092.42)%
Sundry expense, net		748		307		441		143.65%
Other expense (income), net		(282)		6,159		(6,441)		(104.58)%
Net loss before income taxes		(42,773)		(54,455)		11,682		(21.45)%
Income tax expense		(2,663)		(2,501)		(162)		6.48%
Net loss	$	(45,436)	$	(56,956)	$	11,520		(20.23)%

Revenue

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our revenue on a consolidated basis decreased by $5.8 million, or 2.1%, to $273.6 million from $279.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. We experienced revenue decline in the ITPS and LLPS segments and revenue growth in the HS segment. Our ITPS, HS, and LLPS segments constituted 70.8%, 23.0%, and 6.2% of total revenue, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 73.4%, 20.3%, and 6.4%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The revenue changes by reporting segment were as follows:

ITPS— For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue attributable to our ITPS segment decreased by $11.3 million, or 5.5% compared to the same period in the prior year. This revenue decline is attributable to transition revenue and other customer losses. The reported ITPS segment revenue decline was also impacted by $3.2 million from currency conversion attributable to the depreciation of the Euro and U.K. pound sterling against the U.S. dollar during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

HS— For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue attributable to our HS segment increased by $6.4 million, or 11.4% compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to higher volumes from our existing healthcare customers.

LLPS— For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue attributable to our LLPS segment decreased by $0.9 million, or 5.2% compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in project based engagements in legal claims administration services.

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Cost of Revenue

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our cost of revenue decreased by $7.0 million, or 3.1%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. Costs in our ITPS segment decreased by $5.1 million, or 3.1%, primarily attributable to the corresponding decline in revenues and cost savings flow through. HS segment costs remained flat even though revenue was higher primarily due to savings flowthrough from automation related productivity improvements. LLPS segment cost of revenue decreased by $2.0 million, or 14.9%.

The decrease in cost of revenues on a consolidated basis was primarily due to decrease in employee-related costs of $3.5 million, lower infrastructure and maintenance costs of $2.4 million, lower operating costs of $1.7 million offset by higher travel costs of $0.2 million and higher pass through costs of $0.4 million.

Cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 79.1% of revenue compared to the 80.0% for the comparable same period in the prior year.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses increased $1.3 million, or 3.1%, to $44.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $43.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to higher legal and professional fees of $2.3 million and higher other SG&A expenses of $1.9 million offset by lower employee related costs by $1.0 million, lower travel costs of $0.3 million and lower infrastructure, maintenance and operating costs of $1.6 million. SG&A expenses increased as a percentage of revenues to 16.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to 15.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Depreciation & Amortization

Total depreciation and amortization expense was $16.6 million and $18.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in total depreciation and amortization expense by $1.7 million was primarily due to a reduction in depreciation expense as a result of the expiration of the lives of assets acquired in prior periods and decrease in intangibles amortization expense due to end of useful lives for certain intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Related Party Expenses

Related party expense was $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $44.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $39.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in total interest expense by $4.4 million was primarily due to $3.8 million of original issue discount amortization.

Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net

Debt modification and extinguishment gain was $8.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a loss of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased $13.4 million principal amount of 2023 Notes for a net cash consideration of $4.2 million. The gain on early extinguishment of debt for the Exchange Notes during the three months ended March 31, 2023 totaled $9.8 million and is inclusive of less than $0.1 million write off of original issue discount and debt issuance costs. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we paid $1.0 million of exit fee on the partial prepayment of BRCC Term Loan which was treated as a debt extinguishment cost.

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Sundry Expense, net

Sundry expense, net was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to sundry expense, net of 0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The change over the prior year period was primarily attributable to exchange rate fluctuations on foreign currency transactions.

Other Expense (Income), net

Other income, net was $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to other expense, net of $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the expenses were primarily attributable to remeasurement of our true-up guarantee obligation under the Revolver Exchange (as defined below) and accrual of true-up liability based on the market price for the 2026 Notes.

Income Tax Expense

The company recorded income tax expense of $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and an income tax expense of $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The tax expense is primarily impacted by permanent tax adjustments, state and local current expense, foreign operations and valuation allowances. The tax expense for three months ending March 31, 2023 is slightly higher than the three months ending March 31, 2022 primarily because of in an increase in foreign expense relating for foreign exchange gains.

Other Financial Information (Non-GAAP Financial Measures)

We view EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as important indicators of performance. We define EBITDA as net income, plus taxes, interest expense, and depreciation and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus optimization and restructuring charges, including severance and retention expenses; transaction and integration costs; other non-cash charges, including non-cash compensation, (gain) or loss from sale or disposal of assets, and impairment charges; and management fees and expenses.

We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because we believe they provide useful information regarding the factors and trends affecting our business in addition to measures calculated under GAAP.

Note Regarding Non-GAAP Financial Measures

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. We believe that the presentation of these non GAAP financial measures will provide useful information to investors in assessing our financial performance and results of operations as our Board of Directors (the “Board”) and management use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to assess our financial performance, because it allows them to compare our operating performance on a consistent basis across periods by removing the effects of our capital structure (such as varying levels of interest expense), asset base (such as depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management team. Net loss is the GAAP measure most directly comparable to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. Our non GAAP financial measures should not be considered as alternatives to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. Each of these non GAAP financial measures has important limitations as analytical tools because they exclude some but not all items that affect the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. These non GAAP financial measures are not required to be uniformly applied, are not audited and should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for results prepared in accordance with GAAP. Because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may be defined differently by other companies in our industry, our definitions of these non GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, thereby diminishing their utility.

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The following table presents a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to our net loss, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net Loss	$	(45,436)	$	(56,956)
Taxes		2,663		2,501
Interest expense		44,180		39,760
Depreciation and amortization		16,560		18,212
EBITDA		17,967		3,517
Optimization and restructuring expenses (1)		6,168		6,837
Transaction and integration costs (2)		5,156		3,704
Non-cash equity compensation (3)		111		317
Other charges including non-cash (4)		8,514		13,233
Loss/(Gain) on sale of assets (5)		199		(115)
Debt modification and extinguishment costs (gain), net		(8,773)		884
Contract costs (6)		5,353		7,751
Adjusted EBITDA	$	34,695	$	36,128

(1)

Adjustment represents net salary and benefits associated with positions, current vendor expenses and existing lease contracts that are part of the on-going savings and productivity improvement initiatives in process transformation, customer transformation and post-merger or acquisition integration.

(2)

Represents costs incurred related to transactions for completed or contemplated transactions during the period.

(3)

Represents the non-cash charges related to restricted stock units and options.

(4)

Represents fair value adjustments to guaranteed true up of settlement notes, accelerated ASC842 amortization of operating lease ROU asset and other non-cash charges. Other charges include severance, retention bonus, facility consolidation, relocation and recruitment costs, loss contracts, network outage related costs and other transition costs.

(5)

Represents a loss/(gain) recognized on the disposal of property, plant, and equipment and other assets.

(6)

Represents costs incurred on new projects, contract start-up costs and project ramp costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Under ASC Subtopic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (“ASC 205-40”), the Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet its future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. The following conditions raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern: a history of net losses, net operating cash outflows, working capital deficits and significant cash payments for interest on our long-term debt in addition to the principal payments due on our indebtedness due in June and July of 2023 (described below). Going concern matters are more fully discussed in Note 1, General.

Liquidity is the availability of adequate amounts of cash with an enterprise to meet its needs for cash requirements. At March 31, 2023, cash and cash equivalents totaled $50.8 million, including restricted cash of $40.9 million. As of March 31, 2023, our working capital deficit amounted to $274.4 million, a decrease of $45.1 million as compared to working capital deficit of $319.5 million as of December 31, 2022. This decrease in working capital deficit is primarily a result of decreases in accrued interest and current portion of long-term debts and increase in restricted cash.

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contracts and commitments that obligate us to make payments in the future. These obligations include borrowings, interest obligations, purchase commitments, operating and finance

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lease commitments, employee benefit payments and taxes. Specifically, $14.3 million of BRCC Term Loan and $29.6 million outstanding under the BRCC Revolver both mature in June 2023 (with the BRCC Revolver being payable in 12 monthly installments so long as the borrower is in compliance with the BRCC Facility). Also, maturing in July 2023 are $9.4 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes and $67.5 million aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans. The current maturity of the other debts is $17.8 million. The Company’s Term Loans also require us to make periodic principal repayments. See Note 5 – Long-Term Debt and Credit Facilities, Note 7 – Employee Benefit Plans, and Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies, to our condensed consolidated financial statements herein for further information on material cash requirements from known contractual and other obligations.

We currently expect to spend approximately $15.0 to $20.0 million on total capital expenditures over the next twelve months. We will continue to evaluate additional capital expenditure needs that may arise due to changes in the business model. Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, our investments in strategic initiatives, applications or technologies, operation centers and acquisition of complementary businesses, which may require the use of significant cash resources and/or additional financing. During the fourth quarter of 2022 one of our subsidiaries that is not bound by the 2026 Indenture purchased a portion of the onsite business and certain related assets from another subsidiary that is bound by the 2026 Indenture generating net proceeds to the seller of approximately $125.0 million. If the Company does not reinvest or otherwise utilize such proceeds as contemplated by the 2026 Indenture within one year of this transaction, then the Issuers of the 2026 Notes may be required to make an “Asset Sales Offer” with the unused proceeds to the extent they exceed $75.0 million as described in the 2026 Indenture. If such proceeds are not available to the Company to satisfy this obligation at the date required, the Company would not be in compliance with the 2026 Indenture at that time.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The Company has implemented favorable provisions of the CARES Act, including the refundable payroll tax credits and the deferment of employer social security payments. At the end of 2021, the Company paid a portion of the deferred employer social security due as per IRS guidance. The remaining balance of deferred employer social security taxes will be paid by fiscal year 2023. The Company has similarly utilized COVID-19 relief measures in various European jurisdictions, including permitted deferrals of certain payroll, social security and value added taxes. At the end of 2021, the Company paid a portion of these deferred payroll taxes, social security and value added taxes. The remaining balance of deferred payroll taxes, social security and value added taxes will be paid by fiscal year 2025 as per deferment timeline.

On May 27, 2021, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“First ATM Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“B. Riley”) and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Cantor”), as distribution agents under which the Company may offer and sell shares of the Company’s Common Stock from time to time through the Distribution Agents, acting as sales agent or principal. On September 30, 2021, the Company entered into a second At Market Issuance Sales Agreement with B. Riley, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Cantor, Mizuho Securities USA LLC and Needham & Company, LLC, as distribution agents (together with the First ATM Agreement, the “ATM Agreement”).

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declared effective on May 10, 2022 , and the prospectuses and related prospectus supplements included therein for sales of shares of Common Stock as follows:



Supplement	Period	Number of Shares Sold	Weighted Average Price Per Share	Gross Proceeds	Net Proceeds
Prospectus supplement dated May 27, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million (“Common ATM Program–1”)	May 28, 2021 through July 1, 2021	2,471,185	$40.164	$99.3 million	$95.7 million
Prospectus supplement dated June 30, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $150.0 million (“Common ATM Program–2”)	June 30, 2021 through September 2, 2021	2,879,023	$52.069	$149.9 million	$144.4 million
Prospectus supplement dated September 30, 2021 with an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million (“Common ATM Program–3”)	October 6, 2021 through March 31, 2022	16,743,797	$14.931	$250.0 million	$241.0 million
Prospectus supplement dated May 23, 2022 with an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million (“Common ATM Program–4”) (1)	May 24, 2022 through March 31, 2023	1,252,436,438	$0.181	$226.4 million	$219.3 million

(1)

Due to the late filing of its Annual Report the Company lost eligibility to use Form S-3 (and thereby the ability to conduct at the market offerings) for twelve full calendar months following the date the Annual Report was due.

On August 10, 2022, the Company’s board of directors authorized a share buyback program (the “2022 Share Buyback Program”), pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time, up to 10,000,000 shares of its Common Stock over the following two-year period through various means, including, open market transactions and privately negotiated transactions. The 2022 Share Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares. The decision as to whether to repurchase any shares and the timing of repurchases will be based on the price of the Company’s Common Stock, general business and market conditions and other investment considerations and factors. No shares were repurchased under the 2022 Share Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, we had repurchased and concurrently retired a total of 357,461 shares of Common Stock pursuant to the 2022 Share Buyback Program.

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Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022		Change
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(53,037)	$	(44,045)	$	(8,992)
Net cash used in investing activities		(2,902)		(8,407)		5,505
Net cash provided by financing activities		61,551		86,417		(24,866)
Subtotal	$	5,612		33,965	$	(28,353)
Effect of exchange rates on cash		140		(50)		190
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	5,752	$	33,915	$	(28,163)

Analysis of Cash Flow Changes between the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022

Operating Activities—The increase of $9.0 million in net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to increase in cash outflow for accounts payable and accrued liabilities. This increase in cash used in operating activities was partially offset by lower cost of revenue and other expenses and cash inflow from the sale of accounts receivable during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Investing Activities—The decrease of $5.5 million in net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to lower additions to property, plant and equipment and patents in 2023 offset by higher additions to internally developed software and a decrease in proceeds from the sale of assets.

Financing Activities— Cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $61.5 million, primarily as a result of $67.0 million of net proceeds from equity offerings, $31.5 million of proceeds from Second Lien Note, $12.1 million of proceeds from borrowings from other loans offset by debt issuance costs of $6.3 million, repayments on the BRCC Facility and senior secured term loans and other loans of $48.3 million and cash outflow of $3.6 million for 2023 Notes repurchases.

Cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $86.4 million, primarily as a result of $114.5 million of net proceeds from equity offerings offset by repayments of our senior secured revolving facility and BRCC Facility of $72.1 million.

Indebtedness

In connection with the Novitex Business Combination, we acquired debt facilities and issued notes totaling $1.4 billion. Proceeds from the indebtedness were used to pay off credit facilities existing immediately before the Novitex Business Combination.

Senior Credit Facilities

On July 12, 2017, subsidiaries of the Company entered into a First Lien Credit Agreement with Royal Bank of Canada, Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, Natixis, New York Branch and KKR Corporate Lending LLC (the “Credit Agreement”) providing Exela Intermediate LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement, (i) a $350.0 million senior secured term loan maturing July 12, 2023 with an original issue discount of $7.0 million, and (ii) a $100.0 million senior secured revolving facility scheduled to mature on July 12, 2022 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”).

On July 13, 2018, we were able to refinance the $343.4 million of term loans then outstanding under the Credit Agreement (the “Repricing Term Loans”) and borrowed an additional $30.0 million pursuant to incremental term loans (the “2018 Incremental Term Loans”). The proceeds of the 2018 Incremental Term Loans were used by the Company for general corporate purposes and to pay related fees and expenses.

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On April 16, 2019, subsidiaries of the Company borrowed a further $30.0 million pursuant to incremental term loans (the “2019 Incremental Term Loans”, and, together with the 2018 Incremental Terms Loans and Repricing Term Loans, the “Term Loans”). The proceeds of the 2019 Incremental Term Loans were used to replace cash spent for acquisitions, pay related fees, expenses and related borrowings for general corporate purposes.

The Term Loans bear interest at a rate per annum of, at the borrower’s option, either (a) a LIBOR rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for Eurodollar deposits for the interest period relevant to such borrowing, adjusted for certain additional costs, subject to a 1.0% floor, or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (ii) the prime rate and (iii) the one-month adjusted LIBOR plus 1.0%, in each case plus an applicable margin of 6.5% for LIBOR loans and 5.5% for base rate loans. The Term Loans will mature on July 12, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, the interest rate applicable for the first lien senior secured term loan was 11.661%.

The Term Loans are jointly and severally, irrevocably and unconditionally guaranteed by the certain of Company’s U.S. subsidiaries, as primary obligors and not merely as sureties.

The borrower may voluntarily repay the Term Loans at any time, without prepayment premium or penalty, subject to customary “breakage” costs with respect to LIBOR rate loans. Other than as described above, the terms, conditions and covenants applicable to the Incremental Term Loans are consistent with the terms, conditions and covenants that were applicable to the Repricing Term Loans under the Credit Agreement.

On May 18, 2020, we amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, extend the time for delivery of its audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and its financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Pursuant to the amendment, we also agreed to amend the Credit Agreement to, among other things: restrict the borrower and its subsidiaries’ ability to designate or invest in unrestricted subsidiaries; incur certain debt; create certain liens; make certain investments; pay certain dividends or other distributions on account of its equity interests; make certain asset sales or other dispositions (or utilize the proceeds of certain asset sales to reinvest in the business); or enter into certain affiliate transactions pursuant to the negative covenants under the Credit Agreement. In addition, pursuant to the amendment, the borrower under the Credit Agreement was required to maintain minimum Liquidity (as defined in the amendment) of $35.0 million.

As a result of the Private Exchange, repurchases (as discussed below) and periodic principal repayments, $67.5 million aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans maturing July 12, 2023 remains outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

Revolving Credit Facility; Letters of Credit

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The Exchange Notes were subject to a guarantee in the form of a true-up mechanism whereby the Company was responsible to make a payment to the holders of the Exchange Notes if holders of the Exchange Notes sold their notes at a price below certain agreed thresholds during agreed periods in 2022. The Company settled the true-up obligation with total cash payments of $16.9 million and by permitting the holders of the Exchange Notes to keep the $21.0 million of principal amount of 2026 Notes previously placed as Collateral Notes constituting an issuance. In addition, $9.0 million of principal amount of 2026 Notes, which had been placed as Collateral Notes with the holders of the Exchange Notes, were sold by the holders for net proceeds of $2.6 million which was applied against the true-up obligation.

Senior Secured 2023 Notes

Upon the closing of the Novitex Business Combination on July 12, 2017, subsidiaries of the Company issued $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 10.0% First Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”). The 2023 Notes bear interest at a rate of 10.0% per year. We pay interest on the 2023 Notes on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing on January 15, 2018. The 2023 Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed by nearly all U.S. subsidiaries of Exela Intermediate LLC. The 2023 Notes mature on July 15, 2023. As a result of the Public Exchange and repurchases (as discussed below), $9.4 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes remains outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

On October 27, 2021, we launched an offer to exchange (the “Public Exchange”) up to $225.0 million in cash and new 11.500% First-Priority Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) issued by subsidiaries of the Company’s for the outstanding 2023 Notes. The Public Exchange was for $900 in cash per $1,000 principal amount of 2023 Notes tendered subject to proration. The maximum amount of cash to be paid was $225.0 million and the offer was not subject to any minimum participation condition. In case of oversubscription to the cash offer, tendered 2023 Notes would be accepted for cash on a pro rata basis (as a single class). The balance of any tendered 2023 Notes not accepted for cash would be exchanged into 2026 Notes on the basis of $1,000 principal amount of new 2026 Notes for each $1,000 principal amount of outstanding 2023 Notes tendered.

In conjunction with the Public Exchange, we also solicited consents to amend certain provisions in the indenture governing the 2023 Notes (“Notes Amendments”). On December 1, 2021, on receipt of the requisite consents to the Notes Amendments, the Company, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “2023 Notes Trustee”), entered into a third supplemental indenture (the “Third Supplemental Indenture”) to the indenture, dated as of July 12, 2017 (as amended and supplemented by (i) the first supplemental indenture, dated as of July 12, 2017 and (ii) the second supplemental indenture, dated as of May 20, 2020, the “2023 Notes Indenture”) governing the outstanding 2023 Notes. The Third Supplemental Indenture amends the 2023 Notes Indenture and the 2023 Notes to eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants, eliminate certain events of default, modify covenants regarding mergers and consolidations and modify or eliminate certain other provisions, including certain provisions relating to future guarantors and defeasance, contained in the 2023 Notes Indenture and the 2023 Notes. In addition, all of the collateral securing the 2023 Notes was released pursuant to the Third Supplemental Indenture.

Senior Secured 2026 Notes

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On or after December 1, 2022, we may redeem the 2026 Notes in whole or in part from time to time, at a redemption price of 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. In addition, prior to December 1, 2022, we may redeem the 2026 Notes in whole or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes redeemed, plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means, with respect to any 2026 Note on any applicable redemption date, as determined by us, the greater of: (1) 1% of the then outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Note; and (2) the excess of: (a) the present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of the 2026 Note, at December 1, 2022 plus (ii) all required interest payments due on the 2026 Note through December 1, 2022 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the treasury rate as of such redemption date plus 50 basis points; over (b) the then outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Note.

$980.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes were outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

Repurchases

In July 2021 the Company commenced a debt buyback program to repurchase senior secured indebtedness, which is ongoing. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased $15.0 million principal amount of Exchange Notes issued under the Revolver Exchange (as discussed above) for a net cash consideration of $4.7 million. These repurchase resulted in an early extinguishment of the Exchange Notes.

BRCC Facility

The BRCC Facility is secured by a lien on all the assets of GP2 XCV and by a pledge of the equity of GP2 XCV. GP2 XCV is a bankruptcy-remote entity and as such its assets are not available to other creditors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries other than GP2 XCV. The BRCC Facility will mature on June 10, 2023 with the BRCC Revolver being payable in 12 monthly installments so long as the borrower is in compliance with the BRCC Facility. Interest under the BRCC Facility accrues at a rate of 11.5% per annum (13.5% per annum default rate) and is payable quarterly on the last business day of each March, June, September and December. The purpose of BRCC Term Loan was to fund certain repurchases of our secured indebtedness and to provide funding for the Public Exchange transaction and Private Exchange transaction described above. The purpose of BRCC Revolver is to fund general corporate purposes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repaid $34.2 million of outstanding principal amount under the BRCC Term Loan along with $1.0 million of exit fees and borrowed $9.6 million of principal amount under BRCC Revolver. As of March 31, 2023, there were borrowings of $14.3 million and $29.6 million outstanding under the BRCC Term Loan and BRCC Revolver, respectively, maturing June 10, 2023. There was no availability under the BRCC

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Revolver as of March 31, 2023. GP 2XCV did not make a mandatory prepayment of approximately $3.2 million on BRCC Term Loan due for the month of March 2023. On May 2, 2023, B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC provided notice to GP 2XCV and GP 2XCV Holdings LLC, bankruptcy remote subsidiaries of the Company, claiming that GP 2XCV failed to timely make a certain payments due for the months of March and April 2023 and provide notice of those failures, all as required by the BRCC Facility. On May 10, 2023, B. Riley Commercial Capital, LLC agreed to waive these defaults based on GP 2XCV’s agreement to pay $1.6 million by May 17, 2023 and $1.6 million by May 26, 2023, subject to accrual of interest on the BRCC Facility at the default rate of 13.5% beginning from March 31, 2023, through the date of payment.

Securitization Facility

On December 17, 2020, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $145.0 million securitization facility with a five year term (the “Securitization Facility”). The Securitization Facility provided for an initial funding of approximately $92.0 million supported by the receivables portion of the borrowing base and, subject to contribution, a further funding of approximately $53.0 million supported by inventory and intellectual property. On December 17, 2020 we made the initial borrowing of approximately $92.0 million under the Securitization Facility and used a portion of the proceeds to repay $83.0 million of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of loans as of December 17, 2020 under a previous $160.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility (“A/R Facility”) and used the remaining proceeds for general corporate purposes.

The documentation for the Securitization Facility included (i) a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Securitization Loan Agreement”), dated as of December 10, 2020, by and among Exela Receivables 3, LLC (the “Securitization Borrower”), a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, the lenders (each, a “Securitization Lender” and collectively the “Securitization Lenders”), Alter Domus (US), LLC, as administrative agent (the “Securitization Administrative Agent”) and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which the Securitization Lenders will make loans to the Securitization Borrower to be used to purchase receivables and related assets from the Securitization Parent SPE (as defined below), (ii) a First Tier Receivables Purchase and Sale Agreement (the, dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among Exela Receivables 3 Holdco, LLC (the “Securitization Parent SPE”), a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, and certain other indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company listed therein (collectively, the “Securitization Originators”), and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which each Securitization Originator has sold or contributed and will sell or contribute to the Securitization Parent SPE certain receivables and related assets in consideration for a combination of cash and equity in the Securitization Parent SPE, (iii) a Second Tier Receivables Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among, the Securitization Borrower, the Securitization Parent SPE and the Company, as initial servicer, pursuant to which Securitization Parent SPE has sold or contributed and will sell or contribute to the Securitization Borrower certain receivables and related assets in consideration for a combination of cash and equity in the Securitization Borrower, (iv) the Sub-Servicing Agreement, dated as of December 17, 2020, by and among the Company and each Securitization Originator, (v) the Pledge and Guaranty, dated as of the December 10, 2020, between the Securitization Parent SPE and the Administrative Agent, and (vi) the Performance Guaranty, dated as of December 17, 2020, between the Company, as performance guarantor, and the Securitization Administrative Agent (and together with all other certificates, instruments, UCC financing statements, reports, notices, agreements and documents executed or delivered in connection with the Securitization Loan Agreement, the “Securitization Agreements”). On April 11, 2021, the Company amended the Securitization Loan Agreement and agreed to, among other things, extend the option to contribute inventory and intellectual property to the borrowing base from April 10, 2021 to September 30, 2021 (which did not occur).

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The Securitization Borrower and Securitization Parent SPE were formed in December 2020, and are consolidated into the Company’s financial statements. The Securitization Borrower and Securitization Parent SPE are bankruptcy remote entities and as such their assets are not available to creditors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Each loan under the Securitization Facility bears interest on the unpaid principal amount as follows: (i) if a Base Rate Loan, at a rate per annum equal to (x) the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus 0.50% and (c) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate (as defined in the Securitization Loan Agreement) plus 1.00%, plus (y) 8.75%; or (ii) if a LIBOR Rate Loan, at the Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus 9.75%.

On June 17, 2022, the Company entered into an amended and restated receivables purchase agreement (the “Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement”) under the Securitization Facility among certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, its wholly-owned, “bankruptcy remote” special purpose subsidiaries (“SPEs”) and certain global financial institutions (“Purchasers”). The Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement extends the term of the securitization facility such that the SPE may sell certain receivables to the Purchasers until June 17, 2025. Under the Amended Receivables Purchase Agreement, transfers of accounts receivable from the SPEs are treated as sales and are accounted for as a reduction in accounts receivable because the agreement transfers effective control over and risk related to the accounts receivable to the Purchasers. The Company and related subsidiaries have no continuing involvement in the transferred accounts receivable, other than collection and administrative responsibilities and, once sold, the accounts receivable are no longer available to satisfy creditors of the Company or the related subsidiaries. On June 17, 2022, the Company sold $85.0 million of its accounts receivable and used the whole proceeds from this sale to repay part of the borrowings from the Securitization Facility (as discussed above). These sales were transacted at 100% of the face value of the relevant accounts receivable, resulting in derecognition of the accounts receivable from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The Company de-recognized $408.9 million of accounts receivable under this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2022. The amount remitted to the Purchasers during fiscal year 2022 was $308.7 million. The Company de-recognized $140.0 million of accounts receivable under this agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The amount remitted to the Purchasers during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $141.3 million. Unsold accounts receivable of $48.1 million and $46.5 million were pledged by the SPEs as collateral to the Purchasers as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These pledged accounts receivables are included in accounts receivable, net in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The program resulted in a pre-tax loss of $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Second Lien Note

As of March 31, 2023, there were borrowings of $31.5 million outstanding under the Second Lien Note.

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Potential Future Transactions

We may, from time to time explore and evaluate possible strategic transactions, which may include joint ventures, as well as business combinations or the acquisition or disposition of assets. In order to pursue certain of these opportunities, additional funds will likely be required. Subject to applicable contractual restrictions, to obtain such financing, we may seek to use cash on hand, or we may seek to raise additional debt or equity financing through private placements or through underwritten offerings. There can be no assurance that we will enter into additional strategic transactions or alliances, nor do we know if we will be able to obtain the necessary financing for transactions that require additional funds on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement that we entered into in connection with the closing of the Novitex Business Combination, certain of our stockholders may have the right to demand underwritten offerings of our Common Stock. We may from time to time in the future explore, with certain of those stockholders the possibility of an underwritten public offering of our Common Stock held by those stockholders. There can be no assurance as to whether or when an offering may be commenced or completed, or as to the actual size or terms of the offering.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

At March 31, 2023, we had $1,165.2 million of principal amount of debt outstanding, with a weighted average interest rate of 11.4%. Interest is calculated under the terms of our credit agreements based on the greatest of certain specified base rates plus an applicable margin that varies based on certain factors. Assuming no change in the principal amount outstanding, the impact on interest expense of a 1% increase or decrease in the assumed weighted average interest rate would be approximately $11.7 million per year.

Foreign Currency Risk

We are exposed to foreign currency risks that arise from normal business operations. These risks include transaction gains and losses associated with intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries and transactions denominated in currencies other than a location’s functional currency. Our contracts are denominated in currencies of major industrial countries.

Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks primarily from changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We do not use derivatives for trading purposes, to generate income or to engage in speculative activity.

Item 4. Internal Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed in our reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required financial disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness

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of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting that are described in our Annual Report.

Notwithstanding such material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting, our management, including our Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that our condensed consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of our operations and our cash flows for the periods presented in this Quarterly Report, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Remediation

As previously described in Part II—Item 9A – Controls and Procedures of our Annual Report, we continue to implement a remediation plan to address the material weaknesses mentioned above. The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter-ended March 31, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Class Action

On March 23, 2020, the Plaintiff, Bo Shen, filed a putative class action against the Company, Ronald Cogburn, the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer, and James Reynolds, the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer. Plaintiff claimed to be a holder of 67 shares of Company stock, purchased on October 4, 2019 at $80.40 per share. Plaintiff asserts two claims covering the purported class period of March 16, 2018 to March 16, 2020: (1) a violation of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act against all defendants; and (2) a violation of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act against Mr. Cogburn and Mr. Reynolds. The allegations stem from the Company’s press release, dated March 16, 2020 (announcing the postponement of the earnings call and delay in filing of its annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019), and press release and related SEC filings, dated March 17, 2020 (announcing its intent to restate its financial statements for 2017, 2018 and interim periods through September 30, 2019) and certain other matters. The Company moved to dismiss the case and the Company’s motion was granted in its entirety on June 24, 2021. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint by the Court’s deadline on August 5, 2021, and the Company moved to dismiss this amended complaint on September 3, 2021, which dismissal was denied on January 21, 2022, permitting the case to move forward. At this time, it is not practicable to render an opinion about whether an unfavorable outcome is probable or remote with respect to this matter; however, the Company believes it has meritorious defenses and will continue to vigorously assert them.

Derivative Action

On July 8, 2020, Plaintiff Gregory McKenna filed a shareholder derivative action asserting the following claims against current and former directors and officers of Exela: (1) Violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act; (2) Violations of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act; (3) Violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act; (4) breach of fiduciary duty; (5) unjust enrichment; and (6) waste of corporate assets. On December 21, 2020, Plaintiffs Richard W. Moser and Jonathan Gonzalez filed a substantially similar shareholder derivative action, which has been consolidated with the McKenna action. The claims stem from substantially the same factual allegations set forth in the Shen securities class action lawsuit, described above. At this time, it is not practicable to render an opinion about whether an unfavorable outcome is probable or remote with respect to this matter; however, the Company believes it has meritorious defenses and will continue to vigorously assert them.

Other

We are, from time to time, involved in other legal proceedings, inquiries, claims and disputes, which arise in the ordinary course of business. Although our management cannot predict the outcomes of these matters, our management believes these actions will not have a material, adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors described in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. The risks described in those Risk Factors are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

On August 10, 2022, the Company’s board of directors authorized a share buyback program (the “2022 Share Buyback Program”), pursuant to which the Company was authorized to repurchase, from time to time, up to 10,000,000 shares of its Common Stock over a two-year period through various means, including, open market transactions and privately negotiated transactions. The 2022 Share Buyback Program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares. The decision as to whether to repurchase any shares and the timing of repurchases will be based on the price of the Company’s Common Stock, general business and market conditions and other investment considerations and factors. No shares were repurchased under the 2022 Share Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, we had repurchased and concurrently retired a total of 357,461 shares of Common Stock pursuant to the 2022 Share Buyback Program.

The table below sets forth information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of us or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of shares of our Common Stock during the period of August 10, 2022 through the quarter ended March 31, 2023:


				Total Number	Maximum
				of Shares	Number of
				Purchased as	Shares that
				Part of	May Yet Be
		Average		Publicly	Purchased
	Number	Price		Announced	Under the
	of Shares	Paid per		Plans or	Plans or
Period	Purchased	Share		Programs	Programs
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Third Quarter	357,461	$	1.348	357,461	9,642,539
Fourth Quarter	—		—	357,461	9,642,539
Year Ended December 31, 2023
First Quarter	—		—	357,461	9,642,539
Total	357,461	$	1.348	357,461

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

Not applicable.

Item 6.Exhibits.

Exhibit No.		Description
31.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
31.2		Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
32.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer required by 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002

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32.2		Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer required by 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 10^th day of May 2023.


	EXELA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

	By:	/s/ Par Chadha
		Par Chadha
		Executive Chairman (Principal Executive Officer)


	By:	/s/ Shrikant Sortur
		Shrikant Sortur
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULE 13a-14(a) or RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Par Chadha, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Exela Technologies, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2023;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 10, 2023


		/s/ Par Chadha
	Name:	Par Chadha
	Title:	Executive Chairman
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULE 13a-14(a) or RULE 15d-14(a) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Shrikant Sortur, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Exela Technologies, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2023;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: May 10, 2023		/s/ Shrikant Sortur
	Name:	Shrikant Sortur
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Exela Technologies, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Par Chadha, Executive Chairman of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 10, 2023


		/s/ Par Chadha
	Name:	Par Chadha
	Title:	Executive Chairman
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Exela Technologies, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Shrikant Sortur, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 10, 2023


		/s/ Shrikant Sortur
	Name:	Shrikant Sortur
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer